基于安德森模型的上海社区慢性病影响因素分析

Analysis on the Influencing Factors of Chronic Diseases in Shanghai Community Based on Anderson Model

目的了解上海市社区慢性病患病现况及其影响因素,为制定和完善慢性病防治措施提供科学依据。方法于2019年7月采用分层抽样法对上海市社区居民进行问卷调查,主要包含基本信息、慢性病情况、社区慢性病防治情况等内容,基于安德森模型对调查数据进行单因素分析和多因素非条件logistic回归分析。结果上海市社区慢性病患病率为18.46%。慢性病类型居前3位的依次为高血压(43.73%)、类风湿性关节炎(26.4%)、糖尿病(18.93%)。单因素分析结果显示,男性慢性病患病率高于女性,60岁以上患病率高于60岁以下,离退休人群患病率高于在职人群,低月薪人群患病率高于中高月薪人群,差异具有统计学意义(p<0.05)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,男性、上海户籍、离退休、低月薪可能是慢性病的危险因素。结论上海市社区慢性病患病率相对不高,但在人口学特征上暂不乐观,需注重倾向性影响因素和慢性病预防,进一步减少慢性病的发生。

Objective To understand the prevalence of chronic diseases and its influencing factors in Shanghai,and to provide scientific basis for formulating and improving measures for chronic disease prevention and control.Method In July 2019,stratified sampling was used to survey Shanghai residents,mainly including basic information,chronic disease situation,community chronic disease prevention and control,and the survey data were analyzed by single factor analysis and multi factor unconditional logistic regression analysis based on Anderson impurity model.Result The prevalence of chronic diseases in Shanghai was 18.46%.The top three chronic diseases were hypertension(43.73%),rheumatoid arthritis(26.4%)and diabetes(18.93%).The single factor analysis results showed that the prevalence of chronic diseases in men is higher than that in women.The prevalence of chronic diseases in people over 60 years old was higher than that under 60 years old.The prevalence of chronic diseases in retired people was higher than that in working people.The prevalence of chronic diseases in people with low monthly salary was higher than that in people with medium and high monthly salary.The differences were statistically significant(p<0.05).The results of multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that male,Shanghai household registration,retirement and low monthly salary might be the risk factors of chronic diseases.Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases in Shanghai residents was relatively low,but the demographic characteristics were not optimistic.Therefore,we should pay attention to the propensity influencing factors and the prevention of chronic diseases,and targeted measures should be taken to further reduce the incidence of chronic diseases.