考虑驾驶风格的高密度立交群出入口车辆驾驶风险研究

Investigation on the Driving Risk of High-density Over-exchange Group Vehicles Considering Driving Style

为分析不同驾驶风格驾驶人车辆的驾驶风险,在重庆内环快速路开展了高密度立交群实车驾驶试验,使用车载仪器采集车辆行驶轨迹、速度等运行参数,通过因子分析和聚类分析等方法,提取车辆速度、加速度和横向位移等参数,以此为依据将驾驶风格分为3个类型,即保守型、常规型和冒险型。通过车辆驶离和汇入主线过程中的轨迹偏移,分析了不同驾驶风格的行车轨迹特征,结果表明:冒险型驾驶人的轨迹偏移高于其余2种驾驶风格的驾驶人,且轨迹偏移的分布较为分散;在驶离/汇入主线时,冒险型驾驶人所需要的换道时间更短、换道起始位置更靠前、换道频次也多于另外2种驾驶风格;以速度波动和加速度波动作为驾驶风险评价指标,两者大小均是冒险型>常规型>保守型;利用熵权法确定指标权重并得到驾驶风险率,将其按照不同驾驶风格分类,结果表明:在主线出口位置,呈现明显的分布特征,即冒险型>常规型>保守型,而在主线入口位置,冒险型与常规型的驾驶风险率大小相差无异,但冒险型驾驶人分布更加离散。分析不同驾驶风格驾驶人的驾驶风险率,有助于提高驾驶人的行驶安全性。

In order to analyze the driving risks of drivers of vehicles of different driving styles,a high-density interchange driving test was carried out on the Chongqing Inner Ring Expressway.Vehicle-board instruments were used to collect vehicle driving trajectory,speed and other operating parameters,and parameters such as vehicle speed,acceleration and transverse displacement were extracted through factor analysis and clustering analysis.Based on this,the driving style was divided into three types,namely conservative,conventional and adventurous.Through the trajectory offset in the process of vehicle departure and integration into the main line,the trajectory characteristics of different driving styles were analyzed.The results show that the trajectory offset of adventure drivers is higher than that of the drivers of the other two driving styles,and the distribution of trajectory offset is more scattered.When driving away/instreaming the main line,the adventure driver needs.The lane change time is shorter,the starting position of lane change is higher,and the frequency of lane change is more than the other two driving styles.Speed fluctuation and acceleration fluctuation are used as driving risk evaluation indicators,both sizes are adventurous>conventional>conservative.The entropy weight method is used to determine the index weight and get the driving risk rate,which is not Classifying the same driving style,the results show that at the exit of the main line,there are obvious distribution characteristics,that is,the adventure type>conventional type>conservative type,while at the entrance of the main line,the driving risk rate of the adventure type and the conventional type is no different,but the distribution of adventure drivers is more discrete.Analyzing the driving risk rates of drivers of different driving styles will help improve the driving safety of drivers.