博弈论视角下职业网球竞赛特征探析

On the Technical and Tactical Characteristics of Professional Tennis under the Game Theory

文章运用文献资料法、内容分析法、逻辑推理法等研究方法,以博弈论为研究视角,对职业网球的竞赛特征进行系统分析与探讨。认为:职业网球比赛是兼顾静态与动态性质的重复零和博弈;回合前期倾向于非完美信息而回合后期倾向完美信息博弈状态;博弈过程受共同知识和相对知识交互影响,随对手之间熟悉程度的加深存在相对知识向共同知识过度的倾向;受竞技水平和知识影响,竞赛双方策略空间呈差异化特征;对手之间策略的相互牵制性使比赛倾向于纳什均衡;为力争获胜,任何各方均遵循最大最小化原则;策略偏好、风格与打法的交互作用共同形成球员的声誉效应;尽管理性同收益呈非线性关系,但竞赛双方仍以序贯理性为策略对抗的前提。

Using the methods of literature,content analysis,logical reasoning,from the perspective of game theory,this paper makes a systematic analysis and discussion on the competition characteristics of professional tennis.It is considered that professional tennis match is a repeated zero-sum game that takes into account both static and dynamic conditions.The early part of the game tends to be non-perfect information while the late part tends to be perfect information.The game process is influenced by the interaction between common knowledge and relative knowledge.With the deepening of the players'familiarity with each other,there is a tendency to transition from relative knowledge to common knowledge.Under the influence of competitive level and knowledge,the strategic space of the two competitors is differentiated.The competition tends to Nash equilibrium due to the mutual restraining of the strategies of the two players.In order to win,each party will follow the principle of maximization and minimization;The interaction of strategy preference,style and playing style forms the reputation effect of players.Although the relationship between rationality and income is non-linear,sequential rationality is still the premise of strategic confrontation.