文本中的王權:《木氏宦譜》所見明代中期麗江木氏土官的政治文化演進

Kingship in Text:The Mu Lineage Genealogy and the Political Culture Evolution of Lijiang Mu Chiefdom During the Mid-Ming

《木氏宦譜》的文本書寫昭示了明代中期麗江木氏土官政治文化的演進歷程。15世紀中後期,木氏土官的在地統治面臨.政治危機。在轄地頻遭西番勢力侵擾的同時,木氏宗族内部多發庶嫡相爭事端。以此,16世紀初的木氏土官借儒家禮教收族立宗,通過神化祖先、嫁接世系的文本書寫方式建構譜系。16世紀中期,木氏土官占領東巴聖地,玉龍雪山的神山信仰形態因之發生嬗變,東巴神話亦進入木氏的先祖敘事。明代中期木氏土官的政治文化因時而變,彰顯了麗江地區的邊地特質。

The Mu Lineage Genealogy demonstrates the political culture evolution of Lijiang Mu Chiefdom during the mid-Ming period.In the middle and late 15th century,the local governance of Mu chieftains was in political crisis.While Mu-controlled territory faced frequent invasions by Xifan forces,disputes within the Mu lineage also occurred.In the early 16th century,the Mu chieftains relied on Confucian ethics to regularize lineage activities and constructed their genealogy through deification and rewriting their ancestor stories.In the middle of the 16th century,the Mu chieftains occupied the holy land of Dongba.While the worship of the sacred mountain of Yulong Snow Mountain changed accordingly,Dongba myth also entered the ancestor narrative of Mu lineage.In the middle Ming Dynasty,the political culture of the Mu chiefdom adapted contingently to historical context,indicating the borderland characteristics of Lijiang area.