OBN资料多分量联合横波噪音衰减技术及在莺歌海盆地某区的应用

Multi-component combined shear wave noise attenuation technology of OBN data and its application in a region of Yinggehai basin

在OBN地震资料处理中,Z分量的横波噪音压制一直是纵波处理的关键环节,横波噪音压制的好坏直接影响Z分量的数据品质,对后续双检合并起着至关重要的作用。横波噪音具有强振幅、相干性、低频、低速等特点,并且三维空间上呈锥形。针对横波噪音的特点,笔者提出一种利用OBN资料多分量数据进行联合横波噪音衰减技术。首先将XY分量中记录的横波信号与Z分量进行联合匹配得到Z分量的横波噪音模型,并在十字交叉域共检波点道集上对数据和噪音模型进行三维曲波正变换,引入最小平方法对有效信号和横波噪音进行匹配减,最后再进行三维曲波反变换,达到压制此噪音的效果。该方法应用于莺歌海盆地某区OBN实际地震资料中有效地压制了Z分量横波噪声,为后续处理提供了高品质地震数据。

In OBN seismic data processing,Z component shear wave noise suppression is always the critical link of p-wave processing.The quality of shear wave noise suppression directly affects the data quality of Z component and plays a crucial role in the dual-sensor summation(P and Z Summation).Shear wave noise has the characteristics of strong amplitude,coherence,low frequency,and low speed and is conical in 3D space.According to the characteristics of shear wave noise,a combined shear wave noise attenuation technique using multi-component data from OBN data is proposed in this paper.First,the shear wave signal recorded in XY component was matched with the Z-component to obtain the shear wave noise model of Z component,and the 3D curvelet forward transformation is carried out on the data and noise model on the cross-spread receiver gathered.The minimal flat method is introduced to match and subtract the effective signal and shear wave noise,and finally,the 3D curvelet inverse transformation was carried out to suppress the noise.Applying this method to the actual data of a block in Yinggehai Basin can effectively suppress z-component shear wave noise and provide high-quality seismic data for subsequent processing.