医学新生压力知觉与学校适应性的关系及心理弹性的中介作用

Relationship between stress perception and university adaptation among medical freshmen and the mediating role of psychological resilience

目的了解医学院校新生的压力知觉、心理弹性和学校适应性情况,探讨心理弹性在压力知觉与学校适应性间的中介作用,为医学新生的心理发展提供参考。方法采用方便抽样法,对1359名医学新生进行问卷调查,包括中文版压力知觉量表(CPSS)、Connor-Davidson心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)、大学生新生适应性量表(SACQ),回收有效问卷1307份。应用Pearson相关分析对医学新生压力知觉、学校适应性和心理弹性的相关性进行分析,应用Process中介效应模型和Bootstrap法对心理弹性的中介作用进行分析。结果医学新生压力知觉与心理弹性(r=-0.683,P<0.01)、学校适应性(r=-0.691,P<0.01)均呈显著负相关;心理弹性与学校适应性呈显著正相关(r=0.642,P<0.01);心理弹性在压力知觉与学校适应性间的中介作用显著,中介效应占比为31.45%。结论医学新生压力知觉水平越高,学校适应性水平越低,心理弹性在压力知觉与学校适应性间发挥部分中介作用。学校应注重提升新生的心理弹性水平,从而缓解压力事件对新生学校适应性带来的消极影响。

Objective To investigate the stress perception,psychological resilience,and university adaptation of medical college freshmen,explore the mediating role of psychological resilience between stress perception and university adaptation,and thus provide a reference for the psychological development of medical freshmen.Methods A questionnaire survey was administered to 1359 medical freshmen selected via convenience sampling using the Chinese Perceived Stress Scale(CPSS),Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC),and Student Adaption to College Questionnaire(SACQ).A total of 1307 valid questionnaire responses were used for data analysis.Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationships between the stress perception,university adaptability,and psychological resilience of medical freshmen,and a Process and Bootstrap mediating effect model was used to analyze the mediating effect of psychological resilience.Results A significant negative correlation of stress perception with psychological resilience(r=-0.683,P<0.01)and university adaptability(r=-0.691,P<0.01)was observed,as was a significant positive correlation between psychological resilience and university adaptability(r=0.642,P<0.01).Psychological resilience played a significant role in the mediating effect between stress perception and university adaptation,accounting for 31.45%of the variance.Conclusion The higher the stress perception of medical freshmen,the lower their university adaptation;furthermore,psychological resilience plays a partial mediating role in this relationship.Schools should focus on strengthening the psychological resilience of freshmen to alleviate the negative impact of stressful events on their university adaptation.