生态潜在优势与基层有效治理及生态旅游产业发展机制——以贵州桐梓县山堡社区避暑旅游产业为例

Ecological potential advantages,effective grassroots governanceand ecotourism industry development mechanism:A case study of the summer tourism industry in Shanbao community,Tongzi county,Guizhou province

生态资源如何转化为金山银山是生态资源价值实现机制关注的核心,也是中国发展乡村产业实现乡村振兴的重要抓手。基于纵向单案例研究方法,结合新结构经济学要素禀赋结构理论,以贵州桐梓县山堡社区为例,从基层治理视角考察乡村生态型避暑旅游产业变迁过程,挖掘生态资源转化为生态旅游产业发展的历史累积因果机制。研究发现:(1)“禀赋结构优势+乡村能人示范”构成乡村生态旅游产业萌芽发展的内在基础。(2)基层治理对基础设施短板问题的精准识别与解决是降低产业发展成本、吸引外部生产要素进入的关键。(3)基层治理有助于发现产业发展中存在的运行矛盾,并通过组织创新和制度建设重新整合内外部生产要素,降低产业发展的制度型成本。(4)“有效治理+有效市场”驱动生态旅游产业累积持续发展,实现产业从“量”到“质”的转变。研究结论既为推动乡村生态资源价值实现与振兴发展提供了新思路,也为基层治理助力乡村产业兴旺提供了可借鉴的理论逻辑。

How to transform ecological resources into a source of wealth is the core concern ofthe mechanism for realizing ecological resources value,and also a crucial approach forpromoting rural revitalization through the development of rural industries in China.Based onthe longitudinal single case study method,combined with the theory of endowment structure innew structural economics,this paper takes the Shanbao community of Tongzi county,Guizhouprovince as the typical research case.It investigates the transformation process of theecological summer tourism industry in Shanbao community from the perspective of grassrootsgovernance and explores the historical cause-and-effect mechanism by which ecologicalresources are transformed into the development of the tourism industry.The research findingsare as follows:First,"endowment structure advantage&rural talented person demonstration"constitutes the intrinsic foundation for the embryonic development of rural ecological tourismindustry.Second,grassroots governance plays a key role in accurately identifying and dealingwith infrastructure deficiencies,which lowers the development costs of the industry and attractsexternal production elements.Third,grassroots governance has a positive effect on discoveringoperational problems in the development of industry,and it reintegrates internal and externalproduction elements to reduce the institutional costs of industrial development throughorganizational innovation and institutional construction.Last but not the least,"effectivegrassroots governance&effective markets"drives the continuous and cumulative developmentof the rural ecological tourism industry,achieving the transition of the tourism industry fromquantity to quality in the process.The research conclusions not only provide new ideas forpromoting the realization and revitalization of ecological resources value in rural area,but alsooffer a theoretical logic that can be applied to grassroots governance for the prosperity of ruralindustries.