成渝地区双城经济圈要素流动障碍水平测度及影响因素

Level measurement and influencing factors of the obstacle to factor flow in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle

促进城市群要素自由有序流动,提高资源配置效率是双循环背景下推动高质量发展的必然要求。以成渝地区双城经济圈为研究区,集成百度人口迁徙、快递物流网络、百度指数等多源大数据建立要素流动强度实测方法,利用修正引力模型模拟自然状态下要素流动强度,构建要素流动障碍指数测度城市间要素流动障碍水平,并借助QAP回归分析探讨要素流动障碍的影响因素。结果表明:(1)在实测要素流和模拟要素流网络中,重庆—成都关联区间要素流动强度最高,两市与其他地级市组成的关联区间次之,均高于其他地级市组成的关联区间。(2)四川省内大多数城市之间的要素流动存在促进作用,而重庆市与四川省内大多数城市之间的要素流动存在阻碍作用。(3)成渝地区双城经济圈要素流动障碍水平受体制、社会、政策、设施、空间等多方面因素的共同影响,行政分割、城乡结构差异易形成城市间要素流动壁垒;道路设施互联互通、空间邻近有助于促进要素在城市间的高效流动,而行政级别高的中心城市对要素流动具有较强的支配作用。据此,针对破除成渝地区双城经济圈要素流动障碍,提出若干对策建议。

Promoting the free and orderly flow of factors in urban agglomerations and improving the efficiency of resource allocation is a necessary requirement for promoting high-quality development under the dual circulation context.Using the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle as the research area,this study integrated multiple sources of big data such as Baidu Migration,express logistics networks,and Baidu Index to establish a method for measuring the intensity of factor flow,and used an improved gravity model to simulate the intensity of factor flow under natural conditions.The study constructed a factor flow obstacle index to measure the level of factor flow obstacles between cities,and used QAP regression model to explore the factors influencing these obstacles.The results show that:(1)Regardless of actual or simulated factor flow,the intensity of factor flow between Chengdu and Chongqing is the highest,and the intensity of factor flow between these two cities and other prefecture-level cities is higher than that between other prefecture-level cities.(2)The factor flow between cities in Sichuan province mostly shows a promoting effect,while the factor flow between Chongqing and other cities in Sichuan is generally hindered.(3)The level of obstacles to factor flows in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle is jointly influenced by various factors such as the system,society,policies,and facilities.Administrative divisions and differences in urban-rural structure tend to form barriers to factor flows between cities.Spatial proximity and the interconnection of road facilities can promote efficient factor flows between cities.Central cities with high administrative levels have a certain dominant role in factor flows.Based on this,several strategies and suggestions are proposed to overcome the obstacles to factor flows in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle.