“夹缝生存”:“博士妈妈”学术时间的自主性阙如与生成

“Survival in a Crack”:The Lack and Generation of Autonomy of“Ph.D.Mother”Academic Time

性别平等和生育政策支持为女性提供了向上流动的通道,女博士带娃上学成为高校普遍现象。文章以五所高校的13位“博士妈妈”为研究对象进行深度访谈,从时间社会学视角探讨这一群体在求学过程中的学术生活和时间困境。研究发现,“博士妈妈”在既定社会时钟倒拨下,重返校园是主体时间嵌入与身份重叠的时间结构表征;在学校制度文化下,“读博时钟”和“社会时钟”共同强化了时间结构分层,并对自身进行合理规训;在文化情境参照下,为突破母职惩罚和性别分工对学术行动的结构规制,“博士妈妈”以道德约束寻求时间结构的平衡并建构自主性时间。与此同时,研究始于“博士妈妈”的时间困境,却也指向更为关切的女性时间议题,即在性别平权的社会背景下,女性如何获得更多的政策支持和人文关怀。

With the gender equality and reproductive policy support for women to provide upward mobility of academic channels,female doctors taking children to school has become a common phenomenon in universities.In this study,13“Ph.D.mothers”from 5 universities were interviewed in-depth to explore their academic life and time dilemma from the perspective of time sociology.The study found that the return to school is a kind of time representation of subject time embeddedness and identity overlap under the reversal of the established social clock,the“Ph.D.clock”and the“social clock”together strengthen the stratification of the time structure,and provide reasonable self-discipline.In the light of the cultural context,in order to break through the structural regulation of academic action by the punishment of motherhood and the gender division of labor“Ph.D.mothers”seek the balance of time structure and construct academic autonomous time with moral constraint.This research starts from the time dilemma of“Ph.D.mothers”,but also points to the more concerned women's time issue,that is,how can society give more policy support and humanistic care to women in the social context of gender equality.