青年人群感染Omicron的细胞因子动态变化特征

Dynamic Changesin Cytokine Levels in Young People Infected1with the Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2

为了评价2022年12月至2023年3月北京市SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5和BF.7变异株感染青年人群感染前和感染后7d、14d和21d细胞因子免疫谱的动态变化,预防过度炎症反应和严重疾病的发生,采用Cytek Aurora全光谱流式细胞仪(Cytek, America)检测15例感染者在SARS-CoV-2感染前、感染后(7d、14d和21d)的血清样本中12种细胞因子的表达水平,评价细胞因子在SARS-CoV-2感染前后的动态变化特征。本研究成功构建了SARS-CoV-2感染青年人群细胞因子免疫谱的纵向研究队列。研究结果发现感染SARS-CoV-2后,各细胞因子与感染前相比均有显著的动态变化。IL-6、IL-17A、MIP-1β在感染后第7d显著升高,第14d和第21d逐渐下降。与感染前相比,感染后IL-2、IL-4、IL-22和IL-9的表达水平显著升高,并维持在较高水平一直持续至21d。与感染后IL-6的快速升高相比,TNF-α、IL-10、IFN-γ、IL-8、和RANTES在感染后缓慢升高,在第14d或第21d达到最高表达水平,提示这些细胞因子的变化伴随着疾病进展的发展。SARS-CoV-2感染后,各细胞因子与感染前相比均显著升高(P <0.05),促炎和抗炎相关细胞因子在SARS-CoV-2感染后维持了适当的平衡,确保了感染后不发展为严重感染。虽然SARS-CoV-2可以在短时间内被清除,但细胞因子反应将在宿主体内持续21d以上。

We wished to evaluate the dynamic changes in cytokine immune profiles before as well as 7,14,and 21 days after infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)variants Omicron BA.5 and BF.7 during the epidemic period in Beijing(China)from December 2022 to March 2023 to prevent excessive inflammatory reaction and serious diseases.Levels of 12 cytokines were measured in the serum samples of 15 study participants before as well as 7,14,and 21 days after SARS-CoV-2 infection by Cytek Aurora flow cytometry(Cytek,USA)to evaluate the cytokine response against SARS-CoV-2 infection.A longitudinal study of cytokine immune profiles after SARS-CoV-2 infection was successfully constructed.After SARS-CoV-2 infection,the levels of all cytokines showed obvious dynamic changes compared with those before infection.Levels of IL-6,IL-17A,and MIP-1βincreased significantly 7 days after infection,then decreased on days 14 and 21.Compared with before infection,levels of IL-2,IL-4,IL-22,and IL-9 increased significantly after SARS-CoV-2 infection and remained at a high level until 21 days.Compared with the rapid increase in the IL-6 level after infection,levels of TNF-α,IL-10,IFN-,IL-8,and RANTES increased slowly after infection,reaching the highest expression on days 14 or 21,which indicated their timely regulation of them along the during disease progression.Levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines maintained the correct balance after SARS-CoV-2 infection to ensure that infection did not worsen.SARS-CoV-2 can be cleared in a short time,but the cytokine reaction lasts for more than 21 days.