茶叶不同提取物及不同茶叶对结核分枝杆菌抑制作用的研究

Research on the Inhibition of Tea Extracts and Different Types of Tea on Mycobacterium tuberculosis

为探明茶叶对结核分枝杆菌H_(37)Ra菌株的抑制作用,采用牛津杯法对H_(37)Ra菌株进行抑菌试验,研究不同茶叶提取物(茶多酚、茶多糖和茶皂素)及不同种类茶叶(华农绿针、大宗炒青、广东大叶青、福鼎寿眉、铁观音、凤凰单丛、祁门红茶、下关沱茶、青砖茶)对H_(37)Ra菌株活性的抑制能力。结果显示,茶多酚对H_(37)Ra菌株表现出显著的抑菌能力,随着茶多酚浓度的增加,抑菌效果逐渐增强;在40 mg·m L^(-1)下,茶多酚显示出长期抑制H_(37)Ra菌株生长的能力;茶多糖和茶皂素对结核分枝杆菌没有抑制作用;不同种类茶叶表现出不同程度的抑菌能力,其中凤凰单丛的乙酸乙酯部较其他分离部有更强的抑菌能力,其60%乙醇洗脱的柱层析分离物抑菌能力最强,推测茶多酚是抑制H_(37)Ra菌株生长的主要成分。研究结果证实了茶叶对H_(37)Ra菌株具有抑制作用,且茶叶不同提取物和不同种类茶叶在抑菌能力上存在差异,为开发结核病相关的抗菌药物提供了一个新思路。

This study was aimed at investigating the inhibitory effect of tea on Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H_(37)Ra by using the Oxford cup method for the bacteriostatic assay of H_(37)Ra.The inhibitory abilities of different tea extracts(tea polyphenols,tea polysaccharides and tea saponins)and different teas(Huanong Lvzhen,Dazongchaoqing,Guangdong Dayeqing,Fuding Shoumei,Tieguanyin,Fenghuang Dancong,Keemun black tea,Xiaguan Tuocha and Green brick tea)on the activity of H_(37)Ra strain were studied.The results of the bacteriostatic experiments of tea extracts show that tea polyphenols exhibited significant bacteriostatic ability against H_(37)Ra strain and the bacteriostatic effect was gradually enhanced with the increase of tea polyphenol concentration.At a concentration of 40 mg·mL^(-1),tea polyphenols show long-term inhibition of the growth of H_(37)Ra strain.Tea polysaccharides and saponins had no inhibitory effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Different types of tea exhibit varying degrees of antibacterial ability,among which,the ethyl acetate fraction of Fenghuang Dancong had a stronger bacterial inhibition ability than other isolates.The column chromatography separated by 60%ethanol had the strongest bacterial inhibition ability,suggesting that tea polyphenols were the main components to inhibit the growth of H_(37)Ra strain.The results confirm that tea has an inhibitory effect on H_(37)Ra strain and different tea extracts and different tea types have different antibacterial abilities,which provides a new idea for the development of tuberculosis related antibacterial drugs.