文学地图视域下的联姻推演:以《迦太基女王狄多》为例

Marriage Performance in Literary Maps:A Case Study of Dido,Queen of Carthage

虽然《迦太基女王狄多》中的王权形塑引发了当代英美学界热议,但文学地图视域下的联姻推演议题依然悬而未决。本研究以政治地图学和艾尔默“聚合式君主论”为概念框架,聚焦该剧与16世纪英国两大女王的婚姻映射方式及其权力寓意。马洛借用狄多与埃涅阿斯的联姻及决裂的戏剧演绎,探究了玛丽一世与腓力二世式的“俗婚释权”和伊丽莎白女王与王国之间的“神婚保权”两种寓意深刻的王权聚合方式,兼及“后临国会”中的王权构建、女王当政下的空间焦虑、差异性的女性位格塑造、跨性别的王权统治和“新特洛伊”式的殖民地图想象等重大时代议题。

While the shaping of queenship in Dido,Queen of Carthage has generated much debate in contemporary Anglo-American scholarship,the issue of royal marriage's politics in the context of literary cartography remains unresolved.Using political cartography and John Aylmer's concept of“Mixed Monarchy”as a theoretical framework,this study focuses on the way Dido,Queen of Carthage represents the marriages of the two queens of sixteenth-century England and their political implications.This study argues that Marlowe draws on the dramatic representation of the marriage and breakup between Dido and Aeneas to explore two approaches to“bridle”female rulers,the“common marriage”between Mary I and Philip II and the“divine marriage”between Queen Elizabeth and England,as well as such major issues of the time as the construction of queenship in the“Queen-in-Parliament”,the spatial anxiety under female reign,the formation of different female personae,the gender problem of kingship,and the colonial ambition based on the imagination of another“Troynovant”.