论江西堪舆文化对明遗民治生抉择的影响--以清初文学家徐芳为例

On the Influence of Jiangxi Kanyu Culture on the Livelihood Choices of the Ming Dynasty Adherents--A Case Study of Xu Fang,a Literary Scholar in the Early Qing Dynasty

明清易代,受传统儒家名节意识的影响,明遗民拒绝清廷招揽,但他们又不得不面对生计抉择的问题。明遗民为风水先生者不在少数。徐芳以地师身份行脚大江南北,以堪舆相地自谋生计,这一人生选择受到江西民间信仰与文化传统等大历史环境的影响。细查徐芳一生行迹,他奔走四方,流连明朝陪都南京,屡屡与众遗民同道交游,或有借“看风水”之名从事抗清活动之可能。

At the turn of the Ming and Qing dynasties,the army of Eight Banners occupied the Central Plains.Influ-enced by the traditional Confucian thoughts of honor and integrity,the Ming dynasty's adherents refused to be recruited by the Qing government,but they had to face livelihood choices.There were many Ming dynasty adherents who were feng shui masters(the people who are good at telling geomantic omen and make a living on it).Xu Fang,one of them,trav-eled throughout the country,making his own living by telling geomantic omen(called“Kanyu Xiangdi”in Chinese).Xu Fang's life choices were influenced by the Big History environment of Jiangxi,such as folk religion and cultural tradi-tions.Upon examining Xu Fang's whereabouts in all his life,we can find that he traveled around and wandered through Nanjing,the provisional capital of the Ming Dynasty.He often made friends with other adherents of the Ming Dynasty,or even might engage in anti-Qing activities under the guise of Feng Shui practice.