艾草制绒后剩余物粉体综合特性分析

Analysis of Comprehensive Characteristics of Mugwort-residue Powder After Moxa Preparation

目前,艾草制绒后的剩余物没有被深度利用而造成了中药材资源的浪费,而且艾草粉体学性质的研究鲜见文献报道,在一定程度上阻碍了艾草产业的可持续发展。为粉体的分级、分散、包装以及制粒等处理工艺及相关加工机械提供参考依据,有必要分析其粉体学特性。以石磨制取艾绒后的艾草剩余物为试验材料,通过剪切粉碎法制备多尺度粉体,采用BT-1000粉体综合特性测试仪测定休止角、崩溃角、松装密度、振实密度、分散度等粉体学参数,分析粒度和含水率对流动性、压缩性及喷流性的影响规律。试验分析表明:粒度和含水率对艾叶制绒后剩余物的粉体综合特性影响明显。随粒度增大,流动性呈现先降后升的趋势,而压缩性和喷流性则表现出先增后减的特征;随含水率增加,流动性和喷流性逐渐降低,而压缩性逐渐增大。根据休止角θr<45°、崩溃角θf<40°、差角θd<15°、压缩度Cp<20%、分散度Da<20%,再结合Carr流动性和喷流性指数评价表,分析认为粉体的流动性、压缩性和喷流性均较弱。以试验结论为参考,通过粒度或含水率控制某些粉体学特性,使其满足特定处理工艺要求,也可为粉体加工机械的结构优化提供设计依据,促进中药材加工剩余物的再利用。

At present,the mugwort-residue after the moxa preparation has not been deeply utilized,it is a waste of the resources of Chinese medicinal materials.Moreover,the investigation of micromeritic properties of the mugwort powder is rarely reported.Both of these problems hinder the sustainable development of the mugwort industry.It is necessary to analyze characteristics of the mugwort powder to provide reference for the treatment technology of classification,dispersion,packaging,granulation and related processing machinery.The mugwort-residue after the moxa preparation using the stone mill was used as the experimental material,the multi-scale powder was prepared by the mechanical shear pulverization.The BT-1000 powder comprehensive characteristic tester was employed to measure micromeritics parameters such as the repose angle,the collapse angle,the apparent density,the tap density and the dispersity,and then the influences of the particle size and the moisture content on the flowability,the compressibility and the floodability were analyzed.The experiment analysis revealed that the particle size and the moisture content had obvious influences on the comprehensive properties of the powder.With the increase of the particle size,the flowability decreases first and then increases,while the compressibility and the floodability increase first and then decrease.With the increase of the water content,the flowability and the floodability gradually decrease,but the compressibility gradually increases.Sinceθr<45°,θf<40°,θd<15°,Cp<20%,Da<20%and according to the Carr flowability index evaluation table and the Carr floodability index evaluation table,it was identified that the powder had the weaker flowability,compressibility and floodability.Based on the conclusions of this experiment,the particle size or the moisture content can be used to control some micromeritics characteristics of powder to satisfy the requirements of the specific processing technology,and also provide the design basis for the structural optimization of the powder processing machinery,and promote the reuse of Chinese medicinal materials processing residues.