芦笋根际与非根际土壤微生物群落结构及多样性特征

Rhizosphere and Non-Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Community Structure and Diversity Asparagus officinalis L.

【目的】探明四川芦笋根际和非根际土壤微生物群落多样性特征,为芦笋土壤生态系统的构建和保持提供理论依据。【方法】以芦笋根际和非根际土壤为研究对象,测定其土壤理化指标,同时利用高通量测序技术分析土壤细菌、真菌群落特征。【结果】芦笋根际土壤pH、全钾、速效钾均低于非根际土壤,而有机质、全氮、水解氮、全磷和有效磷均高于非根际。根际土壤细菌的多样性和丰度高于非根际,根际真菌的丰度高于非根际,而根际真菌的多样性低于非根际。芦笋根际和非根际土壤优势细菌门主要是变形菌门、厚壁菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门,优势真菌门为担子菌门、子囊菌门。LSfSe分析发现在根际土壤中共鉴定14个细菌类群和20个真菌类群与非根际土壤有显著差异。主成分分析(PCA)表明,根际与非根际在土壤细菌及真菌群落结构多样性上均存在较大差异。冗余分析(RDA)显示,pH是影响土壤微生物群落结构组成最重要的因素。【结论】扩展了芦笋根际微生物的多样性的认知谱系,为探讨通过调控土壤微生物群落结构实现芦笋优质高产栽培提供理论依据。

【Objective】The objective of this study is to investigate the characteristics of soil microbial community structure and diversity in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of Asparagus officinalis L.,thereby providing theoretical support for the construction and maintenance of a healthy soil ecosystem.【Method】Soil community structure and the correlation between the community structure and soil nutrients in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing and nutrient testing【.Result】The pH,TK and AK levels in the rhizosphere soil of Asparagus officinalis L.were found to be lower than those in non-rhizosphere soil.The OM,TN,HN,TP and AP were higher in rhizosphere soil.The bacterial diversity and richness,as well as fungal richness in rhizosphere soil,exceeded those in non-rhizosphere soil.However,the diversity of fungi in rhizosphere soil was lower than in non-rhizosphere soil.The dominant bacterial phyla in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils were Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Acidobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Chloroflexi.Similarly,the dominant fungal phyla were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota.LEfSe analysis revealed that 14 bacterial taxa and 20 fungal taxa in rhizosphere soil were significantly different from those in non-rhizosphere soil.Redundancy analysis(RDA)indicated that pH had the most significant impact on soil microbial community structure.【Conclusion】This study expands our understanding of microbial diversity in the rhizosphere soil of As⁃paragus officinalis L.and provides a theoretical basis for the high-quality cultivation of Asparagus offici⁃nalis L.through modulation of the soil microbial community structure.