不同比例藜麦秸秆和鸭茅混合青贮对青贮品质的影响

Effects of Different Proportions of Quinoa Stalk and Orchardgrass Mixed Silage on Silage Quality

【目的】探究不同比例的藜麦秸秆和鸭茅混合青贮对青贮品质的影响。【方法】将藜麦秸秆与鸭茅按鲜重比10∶0(A组)、9∶1(B组)、7∶3(C组)、5∶5(D组)、3∶7(E组)、1∶9(F组)、0∶10(G组)在室温条件下青贮60 d后,取样测定青贮品质。【结果】混合青贮(B组、C组、D组、E组、F组)的粗蛋白(CP)、粗灰分(Ash)、粗脂肪(EE)以及可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量均高于藜麦秸秆单贮(A组)。随着鸭茅比例的增加,CP、Ash、EE以及WSC的含量逐渐上升,而酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)值降低。主成分分析提取出2个主成分,累计贡献率为88.9%。主成分综合评定、相对饲喂价值(RFV)和粗饲料分级指数(GI)结果一致,藜麦秸秆单一青贮饲用价值最低,鸭茅单贮饲用价值最高,藜麦秸秆与鸭茅按照3∶7和1∶9的鲜重比混合青贮效果差异不显著,且优于其他混合比例。【结论】藜麦秸秆与鸭茅混合青贮有助于提高青贮品质,鸭茅比例以70%~90%为宜。

【Objective】This study aims to investigate the impact of mixed ensilage of quinoa straw and orchardgrass at varying proportions on silage quality.【Method】Quinoa straw and orchardgrass were mixed in fresh weight ratios of 10∶0(A),9∶1(B),7∶3(C),5∶5(D),3∶7(E),1∶9(F),and 0∶10(G),respectively.The mixtures were ensiled for 60 days at room temperature,and samples were collected to assess the quality of silage.【Result】Mixed ensilage(Groups B,C,D,E,F)exhibited higher levels of crude protein(CP),crude ash(Ash),crude fat(EE),and soluble carbohydrates(WSC)compared to quinoa straw alone(Group A).With an increase in the proportion of orchardgrass,the content of CP,Ash,EE,and WSC gradually increased,while acid detergent fiber(ADF)and neutral detergent fiber(NDF)values decreased.Principal component analysis extracted two principal components with a cumulative contribution rate of 88.9%.Comprehensive evaluation of principal components,relative feed value(RFV)and grading index(GI)consistently indicated that quinoa straw alone had the lowest feeding value,while orchardgrass alone had the highest.Mixed ensilage with quinoa straw and orchardgrass at ratios of 3∶7 and 1∶9 in fresh weight showed no significant differences in silage quality and outperformed other mixed ratios.【Conclusion】The mixed silage of quinoa straw and orchardgrass contributes to the improvement of silage quality,with a recommended proportion of 70%to 90%for orchardgrass.