人工智能时代的教育转向及其实践向度——基于社会“劳动—需求”变革视角的分析

The Educational Shift and Its Practical Dimensions in the Artificial Intelligence Era:An Analysis from Perspective of Social“Labor-Demand”Transformation

人工智能技术带来了劳动范式的全面变革,劳动模式的信息化、劳动过程的综合化、劳动手段的智能化对劳动者提出不断与时代共频的高阶思维复合型人才发展需求,进而对人力资本培育提出了挑战。面对新挑战,教育者需在教育理念上转向全面发展的育人观、共思共享的知识观、人机协同的教学观;在教育模式上走向智适型教育、精准型教育、多维交互型教育;在教育机制上淡化学科与学科、学校与社会的边界,以面向社会人力资源新需求广泛培育社会所需人才。然而,教育的变革涵盖于复杂庞大的生态圈中,立足现实审视教育变革的现实路径,应增进科技与教育的双向赋能,以把握人才发展战略增添教育变革动力,以促进智能技术发展赋力教育变革效能,以建立终身学习生态圈,提升教育变革速率,化科技挑战为发展新机。

Artificial Intelligence(AI)technology has brought about a comprehensive transformation of the labor paradigm.The informatization of labor models,the integration of labor processes,and the intelligence of labor means posing higher-order thinking and“comprehensive”talent development needs for workers,which challenges human capital cultivation.Facing new challenges,education needs to shift towards a holistic development view,a collaborative knowledge view and a human-machine collaborative teaching view in educational philosophy.In terms of educational models,it should move towards“smart-adaptive”education,precision education,and multi-dimensional interactive education.In terms of educational mechanisms,the boundaries between one discipline and the other,and between the schools and the society should be blurred to widely cultivate talents needed by society for its new human resource demands.However,the transformation of education is encompassed within a complex and vast ecological circle.Looking at the realistic path of educational transformation from a realistic perspective,it is necessary to enhance the two-way empowerment of technology and education in which we can increase educational driving force by grasping the strategic development of talent cultivation,endow educational transformation efficiency by promoting the development of intelligent technology,and accelerate the transformation of education by establishing a lifelong learning ecosystem.In this way,technological challenges can be transformed into new development opportunities.[JP]