新型电力系统下火电机组灵活性运行技术发展及挑战

Development and Challenge of Flexible Operation Technology of Thermal Power Units Under New Power System

“双碳”背景下,新能源开始大规模并网发电,但新能源发电的随机性与波动性对电网造成一定冲击,亟需构建新型电力系统。在这一过程中,作为电力系统的基石,传统火电将向提供可靠容量、调峰调频等辅助服务的基础保障性和系统调节性电源转型,火电机组的灵活性改造成为必然选择。分析了构建新型电力系统的阶段性目标及面临的困难与挑战,探讨了现阶段火电机组灵活性改造遇到的问题,结合火电运行数据,分析火电机组配置储能设备的技术途径。研究认为:构建新型电力系统过程中存在着电力系统不稳定、传统火电转型困难、能耗大、环保压力大等问题;火电机组本体的灵活性改造面临调峰能力不足、运行成本较高、负荷响应慢、运行能耗大及安全性不高等问题;通过火电加储能的运行模式会带来较好的经济效益和环境效益。

Under the background of “dual carbon”,new energy has begun to be connected to the grid on a large scale.Still,the randomness and volatility of new energy generation have a specific impact on the power grid,and it is urgent to build a new power system.The need for flexibility is further deepened in the process of building new power systems.In this process,as the cornerstone of the power system,the traditional thermal power will transform to the basic security and system regulatory power supply that provides reliable capacity,peak regulation and frequency modulation and other auxiliary services,and the flexible transformation of thermal power units has become an inevitable choice.The phased objectives,difficulties and challenges of building a new power system were analyzed,and the problems encountered in the flexible transformation of thermal power units at the present stage were discussed.Combined with thermal power operation data,the technical ways of configuring energy storage equipment for thermal power units were analyzed.The research shows that there are some problems in the process of building a new power system,such as the power system stability,difficulties in the transformation of traditional thermal power,energy consumption,environmental protection and so on.The flexibility transformation of thermal power units is faced with some problems,such as the insufficient peak regulation capacity,high operation cost,load response,operation energy consumption and safety,etc.The operation mode of thermal power plus energy storage will bring better economic and environmental benefits.