锑基材料在钾离子电池负极中的应用

Application of Antimony-based materials in the negative electrode of potassium ion batteries

近年来,随着可再生能源和电动设备的广泛应用,储能技术的发展变得至关重要。目前,锂离子电池(LIBs)由于具有较高的能量密度而备受关注,但是又因原料成本过高限制了其在未来市场中的应用。在地壳和海洋中,钾元素的天然丰度及其低的氧化还原电位使得钾离子电池(PIBs)成为了LIBs的潜在替代品。然而,由于K+的半径较大,PIBs通常表现出缓慢的反应动力学。目前,PIBs的电极材料研究仍处于初步阶段。其中,Sb基材料(如Sb、Sb 2S 3、Sb 2Se 3)具有较高的理论储钾容量,成为了当前研究的热点。本文从材料制备、结构优化和性能提升的角度,阐述了Sb基材料在PIBs中的重要进展。在此基础上,本文探讨了Sb基材料面临的挑战和未来的发展方向,并提出了改进建议,以期为Sb基材料的技术进步提供新的思路。

In recent years,the development of energy storage technologies has become crucial with the widespread use of renewable energy sources and electric devices.Currently,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have attracted much attention due to their high energy density,but have been limited in future markets by the high cost of raw materials.The natural abundance of potassium in the earth’s crust and oceans and its low redox potential make potassium ion batteries(PIBs)a potential alternative to LIBs.However,PIBs typically exhibit slow reaction kinetics due to the large radius of K+.Currently,the research on electrode materials for PIBs is still in the preliminary stage.Among them,Sb-based materials(Sb,Sb 2S 3,Sb 2Se 3)with high theoretical potassium storage capacity have become the hotspot of current research.In this paper,the important progress of Sb-based materials in PIBs is described from the perspectives of material preparation,structure optimization and performance enhancement.On this basis,this paper discusses the challenges and future development directions of Sb-based materials,and puts forward suggestions for improvement,with a view to providing new ideas for the technological progress of Sb-based materials.