医学生视角下器官捐献伦理问题的比较研究——以徐州医科大学为例

Comparative Study on Ethical Issues of Organ Donation from the Perspective of Medical Students:Taking Xuzhou Medical University as an Example

目的了解在校医学生对器官捐献的认知、态度及意愿,分析器官捐献事业面临的伦理挑战,提出增强大学生器官捐献意愿、提高医学伦理学应用价值的措施。方法自制调查问卷,采用分层整群随机抽样法对徐州医科大学在校本科生、研究生共504人进行问卷调查,通过描述性分析、单因素方差分析等进行数据处理。结果504名医学生中愿意捐献器官的占50.30%,不确定的占24.85%,不愿意的占24.85%。其中,学习过医学伦理学课程的医学生器官捐献认知量表平均得分高于未学习过该课程的医学生。结论医学生器官捐献认知、态度有待改善,学习过医学伦理学课程的医学生器官捐献意愿较强。应采取理论结合实践的方法,加强对器官捐献的宣传,增强医学生器官捐献意愿,推进我国器官捐献事业发展,使器官捐献为人类带来福祉的同时,实现人们对健康和幸福的追求。

Objective To learn the cognition,attitude,and willingness of medical students on organ donation,analyze the ethical challenges faced by the organ donation industry,and propose measures to enhance the willingness of university students to donate organs and improve the application value of medical ethics.Methods A self-made survey questionnaire was used to conduct a survey on 504 undergraduate and graduate students at Xuzhou Medical University with stratified cluster random sampling.Data processing was conducted through descriptive analysis,one-way analysis of variance,and other methods.Results Among 504 medical students,50.30%were willing to donate organs,24.85%were uncertain,and 24.85%were unwilling.Among them,the average score of the Organ Donation Cognitive Scale for medical students who have studied medical ethics courses is higher than that of medical students who have not studied the course.Conclusion The cognition and attitude towards organ donation among medical students need to be improved,and those who have studied medical ethics courses have a stronger willingness to donate organs.We should adopt a combination of theory and practice to strengthen the promotion of organ donation,enhance the willingness of medical students to donate organs,promote the development of organ donation in China,and enable organ donation to bring benefits to humanity while realizing people′s pursuit of health and happiness.