采前喷施不同种类钙肥对枸杞鲜果留树期及采后品质的影响

Effects of Different Kinds of Calcium Fertilizer Sprayed before Harvest on Quality of Fresh Lycium barbarum Fruit during Tree and Postharvest Period

以4年生宁杞7号枸杞植株为试材,在枸杞变色期分别喷施钙离子浓度为0.1%的醋酸钙、氯化钙、硝酸钙、葡萄糖螯合钙4种钙肥,通过对枸杞果实留树期和采后贮藏期间果实数量、硬度、果柄拉力、可溶性固形物、腐烂率和腐烂指数的变化进行分析,探究了钙肥在枸杞留树保鲜中的应用效果,以及采前喷施钙肥对枸杞采后耐储性能的影响。结果表明,在枸杞变色期喷施氯化钙、硝酸钙和醋酸钙可以降低枸杞果实落果率、延长留树期;4种钙肥处理均能显著增加留树期果实硬度,其中氯化钙和葡萄糖螯合钙处理的效果最显著。采前喷施葡萄糖螯合钙和醋酸钙处理能有效降低枸杞鲜果采后贮藏期腐烂率和腐烂指数。该研究为今后枸杞采用留树保鲜方式的选择提供了科学依据。

Four-year-old Lycium barbarum“Ningqi No.7”plants were used as test materials.Four forms of calcium fertilizer were sprayed with 0.1% calcium acetate,calcium chloride,calcium nitrate and glucose-chelated calcium during the discolored period of Lycium barbarum.The changes of fruit quantity,hardness,stem tension,soluble solid,decay rate and decay index of Lycium barbarum fruits were analyzed during the tree period and postharvest storage period.The application effect of calcium fertilizer on the preservation of Lycium barbarum and the effect of calcium fertilizer spraying before harvest on the postharvest storage resistance of Lycium barbarum were explored.The results showed that the application of calcium chloride,calcium nitrate and calcium acetate at the discoloration stage of Lycium barbarum could reduce the fruiting rate and prolong the tree retention period,among which calcium chloride treatment had the most significant effect.Pre-harvest spraying of calcium glucose-chelate and calcium acetate can effectively reduce the decay rate and decay index of fresh Lycium barbarum during storage.This study provides scientific basis for selecting the way of keeping Lycium barbarum fresh in the future.