体育教练员绩效评价:主体、内容、方法

Performance Evaluation of Sports Coaches:Subject,Content and Method

在人才强国战略、体育强国战略以及新时代体教融合的政策背景下,教练员从业人数必将大幅度提升,教练员职业高质量发展面临新的时代机遇,亟需配套科学的培养支持与绩效考评机制。采用文献资料调研、逻辑分析等方法对国内外体育教练员研究现状进行梳理,旨在对体育教练员绩效评价的主体、内容、方法进行深入剖析,最终概括出研究的共识,指出研究存在的困境、不足和未来研究展望。研究结果:(1)教练员绩效评价从行为或结果的单一维度向多维度综合评价发展,工作结果与工作行为两个维度是教练员绩效多维综合评价的基石,但对于评价维度的确定,学界目前尚无定论;(2)教练员绩效评价目的不明确,目前国外教练员绩效评价多数是总结性评价,国内评价通常以结果为主,其他维度的绩效评价往往流于形式。研究建议:(1)充分考虑体育教练员绩效评价的发展性与可适性;(2)兼顾评价主体的多元性与独特性;(3)合理协调推动评价工作开展的外部环境与内部动力。

Under the policy background of the talent development strategy,sports power strategy and the integration of sports and education in the new era,the number of coaches will increase significantly.The high-quality development of coaches is facing new opportunities,and there is an urgent need for supporting scientific training support and performance evaluation mechanism.By using the methods of literature research and logical analysis,this paper sorted out the current research situation of sports coaches at home and abroad,aiming to deeply analyze the main body,content and methods of sports coaches'performance evaluation,finally summarizes the consensus of the research,and points out the difficulties,shortcomings and future research prospects of the research.The results are as follows:(1)Coach performance evaluation develops from a single dimension of behavior or result to a multi-dimensional comprehensive evaluation.The two dimensions of work result and work behavior are the cornerstone of multi-dimensional comprehensive evaluation of coach performance,but there is no final conclusion on the determination of evaluation dimension;(2)The purpose of coaches'performance evaluation is not clear.At present,foreign coaches'performance evaluation is mostly summative evaluation,domestic evaluation is usually based on results,and other dimensions of performance evaluation are often mere formality.Suggestions:(1)Fully considering the development and suitability of performance evaluation of sports coaches;(2)Considering the diversity and uniqueness of the evaluation subject;(3)Reasonable coordination of external environment and internal power to promote the evaluation work.