飞机气动除冰系统试验研究

Experimental Research on Pneumatic De-icing Systems of Aircraft

气动除冰技术具有能耗低、可靠性高的优点,广泛应用于小型商用飞机以及通用航空飞机。研究不同参数对气动除冰效果的影响,是飞机气动除冰系统设计和优化的基础。本文通过对气囊膨胀高度的研究,发现充气时间3 s、充气气压0.2 MPa是实现气囊最佳膨胀高度的条件。在此基础上,先后在地面冷环境以及结冰风洞中建立气动除冰系统试验平台,开展了不同参数对气动除冰效果的试验研究。试验结果表明,充气时间、充气气压、气囊宽度及结冰温度对除冰率均有一定程度的影响。并且,要想实现最好的气动除冰效果,靠近前缘驻点的气囊需达到一定宽度。此外,相较于霜冰,明冰的除冰效果更佳。

Pneumatic de-icing technology has the advantages of low energy consumption and high reliability.It is widely used in small commercial aircraft as well as general aviation aircraft.Investigating the impact of various parameters on the effectiveness of pneumatic de-icing is fundamental for the design and optimisation of pneumatic de-icing systems.It is found that the inflation time of 3 s and the inflation air pressure of 0.2 MPa are the best conditions for the airbag expansion through the measurement of the expansion height.Then,experimental platforms for pneumatic de-icing systems are established in ground cold environment and the icing wind tunnel.Experimental studies on the effect of different parameters on pneumatic de-icing are carried out.The test results show that the inflation time,inflation pressure,airbag width and icing temperature all have a certain degree of influence on the de-icing rate.The best pneumatic de-icing effect is achieved only when the airbag near the leading edge stationary point reaches a certain width.In addition,the de-icing effect of glaze ice is better than that of rime ice.