儿童哮喘诊断标准及预测工具的研究进展

Research progress of diagnostic criteria and prediction tools in children with asthma

近年来我国儿童支气管哮喘(哮喘)患病率明显上升且控制水平尚不理想,由于哮喘诱因多样、表现形式多样、预后不一等导致即使目前有明确的诊断标准,仍难以被基层或非专科医生掌握,因此建立明晰的诊断标准非常迫切。哮喘预测工具主要用于预测喘息患儿在学龄期被诊断哮喘的风险,其临床实用性、有效性以及局限性仍有待进一步研究。本文对目前国内外儿童哮喘诊断标准和哮喘预测工具的相关研究进展进行总结,为儿童哮喘的规范诊断和治疗奠定基础,保证哮喘患儿的临床控制及肺功能正常,促进患儿健康成长。

In recent years,the prevalence of bronchial asthma in children around the world has increased significantly but the control level is much worse.Due to various inducement,manifestations and different prognosis of asthma,it's difficult to be mastered by primary health care providers or non-respiratory specialist even though there are clear diagnostic criterias.Therefore,it is urgent to establish clear diagnostic criteria.Asthma prediction tools is mainly used to predict the risk of diagnosed asthma in school-age children with wheezing and cough.Its clinical practicability,effectiveness and limitations remain to be further studied.This paper reviews the research progress of asthma diagnostic and prediction models and assessment tools in children at home and abroad,in order to lays a foundation for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of childhood asthma.So as to ensure the clinical control and normal lung function of children with asthma,and promote the healthy growth of children.