我国东中西部地区卫生资源配置效率比较及影响路径研究

Study on Comparison of Health Resource Allocation Efficiency and Influence Path in Eastern Central and Western Regions of China

目的:比较我国东中西部地区卫生资源配置效率,并探索影响路径,为我国不同地区优化卫生资源配置提供参考。方法:以2021年我国31个省份的卫生资源数据为研究样本,使用数据包络分析(DEA-BCC)测算我国东中西部地区的卫生资源配置效率,使用模糊集定性比较分析方法分析影响卫生资源配置效率的路径。结果:我国东中西部地区卫生资源配置效率分别为0.838、0.761、0.838,东部和西部地区卫生资源配置效率优于中部地区。条件组态分析表明,卫生资源配置高效率组态分析得到5个解,总覆盖度为0.582,总一致性为0.904,低效率组态分析得到2个解,总覆盖度为0.371,总一致性为0.898。卫生资源配置高效率与低效率组态路径总一致性均大于0.8,模型解释程度高。结论:我国东中西部地区间卫生资源配置效率差异显著,多种复杂因素会影响卫生资源配置效率,其中人口集聚度对卫生资源配置高效率的影响较大,多方要素间的协同作用促成东中西部地区卫生资源配置高效率的实现。

Objective:To compare the efficiency of health resource allocation in China's eastern,central,and western regions,and to identify the influencing pathways,thereby providing insights for optimizing health resource allocation across different regions.Methods:Utilizing health resource data from 31 provinces in China for the year 2021,the efficiency of health resource allocation in the eastern,central,and western regions was measured using the Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA-BCC)model.The Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis(fsQCA)method was applied to analyze pathways influencing the efficiency of health resource allocation.Results:The efficiency of health resource allocation was found to be 0.838,0.761,and 0.838 in the eastern,central,and western regions,respectively,with the eastern and western regions outperforming the central region.The analysis of high-efficiency configurations yielded five solutions with a total coverage of 0.582 and a total consistency of 0.904.The analysis of low-efficiency configurations resulted in two solutions,with a total coverage of 0.371 and a total consistency of 0.898.The high consistency of both efficient and inefficient configuration pathways indicates a high explanatory power of the model.Conclusion:Significant differences exist in the efficiency of health resource allocation among China's eastern,central,and western regions.Various complex factors influence this efficiency,with population density playing a significant role in high-efficiency allocation.The synergistic interaction of multiple factors is crucial for achieving high efficiency in health resource allocation across these regions.