中葡之间:过渡时期中国澳门文学选集中的文化政治

Between China and Portugal:Cultural Politics in China Macao Literary Anthologies in Transition

在漫长的葡据岁月里,中国澳门逐渐形成了“基督城”和“中国城”两个互相区隔的区域,本文以过渡时期在澳门地区出版的3套文学选集为样本,意在阐明“澳门”乃是一个各方话语竞逐的文学空间。澳葡政府的官方机构中国澳门文化司署牵头推出的“葡语作家丛书”,企图在“澳门文学”中植入葡萄牙民族精神;中国澳门基金会组织本地作家群体选编的“澳门文学‘五选’”,则借“澳门文学的根在中国”的“元叙事”来表达他们的身份认同;中国澳门文学研究界合作推出的《澳门土生文学作品选》试图调和上述矛盾,强调土生文学的跨文化身份,但这一建构并非纯然客观,是最终夺得文化领导权的一方对土生葡人的文学传统的“发明”。考察过渡时期中国澳门文学生成的历史语境及其复数形态,有助于思考区域文学中的跨区域属性。

During the long years of colonialism,China Macao has gradually formed two separate areas,“Christ City”and“China Town”.“Macao”is a literary space where discourses from all sides compete.The Macao Cultural Affairs Bureau,an official institution of the China Macao Portuguese government,launched the“Portuguese Writers Series”in an attempt to implant the Portuguese national spirit in“Macao literature”;the“Five Selections of Macao Literature”selected and edited by local writers organized by the Macao Foundation,express their identity through the“meta-narrative”of“Macao literature is rooted in China”;the“Selected Works of Macao Macanese Literature”co-launched by the China Macao literature research community tries to reconcile the above contradictions,emphasizing the cross-cultural identity of Macanese literature.This construction is not purely objective,but an“invention”of the Macanese literary tradition by the party that ultimately won the cultural leadership.Examining the historical context of the formation of China Macao literature in the transitional period and its plural forms will help us think about the cross-regional attributes in regional literature.