2020-2022年重庆市璧山区婚检人群乙肝和HIV与梅毒筛检报告

Screening report of hepatitis B virus,HIV and syphilis among premarital examination population of Bishan district,Chongqing from 2020 to 2022

目的婚检人群进行乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、梅毒螺旋体抗体(抗-TP)、人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体三项指标筛查。方法回顾性分析重庆市璧山区2020年1月-2022年12月婚检人群,其中筛查HBsAg24684例,梅毒螺旋体抗体筛查25140例,HIV抗体筛查23553例。同时回顾性分析2018年度、2019年度婚检人员的相应数据。所有婚检人员均于空腹状态下抽取静脉血液5ml,对血清进行离心分离,采用酶联免疫吸附法对HBsAg、抗-TP、HIV抗体进行检验,了解婚检人群各指标阴性和阳性感染情况,并对不同年度,不同性别,不同年龄段的婚检人群进行汇总,行统计学分析。结果2020-2022年间婚检人群HBsAg检测阳性比例6.34%,抗-TP检测阳性比例2.46%,HIV检测阳性比例为0.34%;不同性别感染性疾病指标分布比例有一定差别:HBsAg阳性率以男性为高(P<0.05),抗-TP阳性率以女性为高,HIV抗体以男性为高;各年龄段的患者,三项感染指标分布比例差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对婚检人群进行感染性指标筛查,可以了解人群中传染病的流行病学分布情况,方便医护人员对该人群采取预防措施,可有效避免此类疾病后续医院感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical value of screening of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),antibod-ies to treponema pallidum(anti-TP)and human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)antibody among people receiving premarital health check-up in control of infectious disease.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed in Bishan District of Chongqing from Jan 2020 to Dec 2022.Among them,24684 cases were screened for HBsAg,25140 cases were screened for treponema pallidum antibody,and 23553 cases were screened for HIV antibody.At the same time,the data of people receiving premarital medical examination between 2018 and 2019 were retro-spectively analyzed.Blood samples(5 ml)collected from all the participants in the fasting state were used to sepa-rate the serum by centrifugation.HBsAg,anti-TP and HIV antibody were detected by enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assay.The negative and positive infection rates among people receiving premarital medical examination were investigated,and the data of different years,both sex and different ages were collected and statistically analyzed.RESULTS From 2020 to 2022,the positive rates of HBsAg,anti-TP and HIV were 6.34%,2.46%and 0.34%,respectively.There were some differences in the distribution ratio of infectious diseases indicators between both sex:the prevalence rates of HBsAg and HIV in men were higher(P<0.05),while the prevalence rate of syphilis in women was higher.There were significant differences in the distribution ratios of the three infection indicators among patients of different ages(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The screening of infectious indicators in people receiv-ing premarital medical examination can reflect the epidemiological distribution of infectious diseases in the popula-tion.It is convenient for medical staff to take preventive measures for this population,which can effectively avoid the occurrence of subsequent hospital infections of such diseases.