环境污染对城市技术创新影响的异质性研究——来自中国城市的证据

The heterogeneity in the impact of environmental pollution on urban technological innovation:evidence from Chinese cities

环境污染不仅影响社会公众健康和生活质量,而且给城市绿色发展和技术创新带来巨大挑战。鉴于此,环境污染与城市技术创新之间的影响机理一直是学界争论焦点,引起社会各界广泛关注。本文基于中国285个城市2013-2022年面板数据,创新性使用逆温作为缓解环境污染内生性的工具变量,聚焦环境污染是否影响城市技术创新以及它们之间的影响是否存在异质性特征。研究结果显示,环境污染显著抑制了城市技术创新,且通过多种稳健性检验;作用机制表明,产业集聚和财政分权是环境污染抑制城市技术创新的重要传导渠道;异质性分析发现,2018-2022年间环境污染对城市技术创新的抑制程度显著低于2013-2017年间;此外,中国内陆城市环境污染对城市技术创新的抑制作用显著高于沿海城市。

Environmental pollution not only affects public health and quality of life,but also poses significant challenges to urban green development and technological innovation.Therefore,the impact mechanism between environmental pollution and urban technological innovation has been a hot topic of debate in academia,attracting widespread attention from various sectors of society.Based on panel data of 285 Chinese cities from 2012 to 2021,this paper creatively uses the inverse temperature as a tool variable that alleviates the endogeneity of environmental pollution,exploring whether environmental pollution affects urban techno-logical innovation and the heterogeneity exists between their impact.The results show that environmental pollution significantly inhibits urban technological innovation,and this effect is confirmed by various robust-ness tests.The working mechanism shows that the industrial agglomeration and fiscal decentralization are the important transmission channels for environmental pollution to inhibit urban technological innovation.The heterogeneity analysis indicates that the degree of inhibition of environmental pollution on urban technological innovation during the period from 2017 to 2021 is significantly lower than that from 2012 to 2016.In addition,environmental pollution has a more significant inhibitory effect on urban technological innovation in the inland cities in China than in the coastal cities.