管中窥豹:肺癌液态活检的现状与挑战

Understanding the whole from a part:Status and challenges of liquid biopsy in lung cancer

肺癌是中国最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,亟需新的诊断方法来检测肿瘤并监测治疗反应。液态活检作为一种非侵入性的肿瘤检测方法在肺癌的早筛诊断和治疗管理中展现出巨大的潜力。液态活检通过分析血液中的循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)、细胞游离DNA(cfDNA)和循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA),能够提供关于肿瘤的遗传信息,有利于肺癌早期诊断、病情监测以及疗效评估。相较于传统的组织活检,液态活检具有操作简便、风险低、可以反复进行以及能更全面反映肿瘤异质性等优点。该文回顾了液态活检在肺癌中的应用现状,探讨当前液态活检技术面临的挑战。旨在为肺癌的精准诊疗提供科学依据,推动液态活检技术在临床实践中的应用和发展。

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies in China,and new diagnostic methods are urgently needed to detect tumors and monitor treatment response.Liquid biopsy has shown great potential as a non-invasive tumor detection method in early screening diagnosis and treatment management of lung cancer.Liquid biopsies analyze Circulating Tumor Cells(CTCs),Cell-Free DNA(cfDNA),and Circulating Tumor DNA(ctDNA)in the blood.It can provide genetic information about the tumor,which is conducive to the early diagnosis of lung cancer,disease monitoring and efficacy evaluation.Compared with traditional tissue biopsy,liquid biopsy has the advantages of simple operation,low risk,repeatability and more comprehensive reflection of tumor heterogeneity.This paper reviews the current application of liquid biopsy in lung cancer,and also explores the challenges facing current liquid biopsy techniques.The aim is to provide scientific basis for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer and promote the application and development of liquid biopsy technology in clinical practice.