儿童中心理念:内在矛盾及其破解

"Children-centered":Inherent Contradictions and Solutions

“儿童中心”理念一方面把儿童视作柔弱的、需要得到关怀和尊重的个体,另一方面又将儿童看成能力强大,能够提出独到见解的个体,因而值得尊重和肯定。这种矛盾理解的原因在于对儿童缺乏准确的认识。不同于“儿童中心”思想在欧美各国数百年的发展史,“儿童中心”在我国产生晚,研究深度还不足,因而导致了学校教学实践中的一些混乱理解。学校教育需要将儿童当成学生。学生既意味年龄幼小,又表明他们肩负学习的义务。基于其弱小和待发展的特点,需要对学生予以教导和帮助;基于其接受教育的义务,需要要求学生配合学校的教育教学工作,不能一切唯学生马首是瞻。如此,或可走出“儿童中心”理念存在的内在矛盾。

The"children-centered"theory views children as weak individuals who need to be cared for and respected,while at the same time seeing them as strong and capable of providing unique insights,and therefore deserving of respect and recognition.This paradoxical understanding of the child is due to a lack of an accurate understanding of the child.Unlike the centuries-long development of"children-centered"theory in Europe and the United States,"children-centered"theory came into late in China,and the depth of research is still insufficient,which has led to some confusing understandings.Children should be thought as students in school education.Students are both young and have a duty to learn.Students should be taught and helped because we recognize their weaknesses and the need for development;but we also need to ask them to cooperate with the school's teaching and learning process,instead of unconditionally following what children order.In this way,we may be able to overcome the inherent contradictions of the"children-centered"concept.