饲粮添加超微粉中药对蛋鸡肠道健康的影响

Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Chinese Herb Ultrafine Powder on Intestinal Health of Laying Hens

为研究超微粉碎的复方中药对产蛋后期蛋鸡肠道物理屏障和微生物组成的影响,选取307日龄的新杨黑羽蛋鸡216只,随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复9只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.5%丹参+0.25%女贞子+0.25%蒲公英(复方1)、0.3%益母草+0.2%丹参+0.25%女贞子+0.25%蒲公英(复方2)的超微粉。于试验第120天采集空肠和回肠样品,测定肠道形态、菌群组成及物理屏障功能相关基因表达水平。结果表明,与对照组相比,复方1组空肠绒毛高度(VH)、VH/隐窝深度(CD)比值、空肠ZO-1和Claudin-1以及回肠ZO-1的mRNA表达量显著增加、回肠放线菌门和肠球菌属的相对丰度显著增加(P<0.05),复方2组回肠VH显著降低、空肠及回肠VH/CD比值、图里西杆菌属相对丰度显著增加(P<0.05);与复方1组相比,复方2组空肠VH及VH/CD比值、回肠放线菌门和肠球菌属相对丰度显著降低、空肠Claudin-1和回肠ZO-1的mRNA表达量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加由益母草、丹参、女贞子和蒲公英组成的超微粉碎的复方中药可降低产蛋后期蛋鸡的肠道通透性,改善肠道组织形态,增加肠道中有益菌的定植,有利于维持机体肠道屏障功能和肠道微生物稳态。本研究结果为开发新型饲料添加剂提供了参考依据和实践基础。

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of compound Chinese herb ultrafine powder on the intestinal membrane barrier and the microbial community in intestine of laying hens during late laying period.A total of 216 Xinyang Black-Feathered laying hens of 307-day-old were selected and randomly divided into three groups with eight replicates,nine hens in each group.The hens in control group were fed a basal diet,and hens in the experimental groups were either supplemented with 0.5%Salvia miltiorrhiza(SM)+0.25%Ligustrum lucidum(LL)+0.25%Dandelion(Compound 1)or 0.3%Motherwort+0.2%SM+0.25%LL+0.25%Dandelion(Compound 2)superfine powder in basal diet.Jejunum and ileum samples were collected on day 120 of the trial to determine the intestinal morphology,microflora composition,and the expressions of genes related to physical barrier function.The results showed that,compared with the control group,the jejunal villus height(VH)and the ratio of VH/crypt depth(CD),the mRNA expressions of jejunal ZO-1 and Claudin-1 and ileal ZO-1,the relative abundances of ileal Actinobacteria and Enterococcus in the Compound 1 group were increased(P<0.05).The ileal VH in the Compound 2 group decreased,as well as the jejunal and ileal VH/CD ratio,while the relative abundance of ileal Turicibacter was increased(P<0.05).Compared with the Compound 1 group,the jejunal VH and VH/CD ratio,the mRNA expressions of jejunal Claudin-1 and ileal ZO-1 and the relative abundances of ileal Actinobacteria and Enterococcus in Compound 2 group were decreased(P<0.05).Collectively,these findings suggested that dietary supplementation with compound Chinese herb superfine powder composed of motherwort,SM,LL,and dandelion could reduce the intestinal permeability,improve intestinal morphology,and increase the colonization of beneficial bacteria in the intestine of laying hens during late laying period,suggesting that the two compounds are beneficial to the maintenance of intestinal barrier function and intestinal microbial homeostasis,which could provide a reference and practical fondation for the development of new feed additives.