3-癸烯-2-酮对马铃薯的抑芽作用机理

The Sprout Inhibiting Mechanism of 3-Decene-2-One on Potato

为探究3-癸烯-2-酮对马铃薯的抑芽作用,本试验以陇薯7号马铃薯为试验材料,以不做任何抑芽处理为对照,采用0.15 mL·kg^(-1)的3-癸烯-2-酮对萌芽期马铃薯进行熏蒸处理,考察3-癸烯-2-酮处理0~5 d对芽眼部位分生组织和生理指标的影响,并分别对处理后48和72 h的马铃薯样品进行转录组分析。结果表明,3-癸烯-2-酮处理后1~2 d,芽分生组织逐渐坏死,3~4 d完全坏死。与对照相比,3-癸烯-2-酮处理组块茎呼吸速率增加,超氧阴离子(O_(2)^(-)·)、过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))含量升高,抗氧化酶活性降低,丙二醛(MDA)和蛋白质羰基含量增加。3-癸烯-2-酮处理使得编码9-LOX基因下调表达,改变了植物激素水平,并使光合作用中叶绿体电子传递系统发生紊乱,从而影响果胶甲酯酶活性,改变细胞壁稳定性,最终引起分生组织细胞在短时间内发生膜质过氧化而抑制马铃薯发芽。在此过程中,谷胱甘肽代谢和苯丙烷生物合成通路对氧化胁迫做出了响应。本研究结果可为进一步探索3-癸烯-2-酮抑制马铃薯发芽的分子机制提供参考。

In order to study the bud inhibiting effect of 3-decene-2-ketone on potato.In this experiment,Longshu 7 potato was subjected to fumigation with 0.15 mL·kg^(-1) of 3-decene-2-ketone,and the effects of 3-decene-2-ketone for 0-5 days on meristem changes and physiological indexes of the bud eye were investigated.The transcriptome analysis was performed on potato samples at 48 and 72 h after treatment.The results showed that after 3-decene-2-ketone treatment,the bud meristem gradually necrotic 1-2 days,and completely necrotic 3-4 days.Compared with the control group,the tuber respiration rate,contents of superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-)·),hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),malondialdehyde(MDA)and protein carbonyl group increased in the treatment group.Treatmemt with 3-decene-2-one led to down-regulation of the gene encoding 9-LOX and altered plant hormone levels,as well as disrupted the chloroplast electron transport system in photosynthesis,which in turn affected the pectin methylesterase activity and altered the stability of the cell wall,and ultimately caused the meristematic cells to undergo membrane peroxidation in a short period of time to inhibit potato sprouting.In this process,glutathione metabolism and phenylpropane biosynthesis pathway responded to oxidative stress.The results of this study may provide a reference for further exploration of the molecular mechanism of 3-decen-2-one in inhibiting potato sprouting.