作物根际激发效应:调控农田土壤碳动态及助力碳中和的关键因素

Rhizosphere priming effect of crops:a critical factor for regulating carbon dynamics in farming land and promoting carbon neutrality

土壤碳是陆地碳库的重要组成部分,碳输入及输出、矿化与固定的动态平衡是实现碳中和的关键因素。根际激发效应(rhizosphere priming effect,RPE)是指活体植物的存在会显著影响植物-土壤系统碳动态,其微小变化都会影响宏观尺度上的土壤-大气碳动态。因此,作物RPE是调控农田土壤碳动态和碳中和的主导因子。本文通过文献回顾,首先阐述了农业实践过程中各种生物因素和非生物因素对作物RPE影响的研究现状;其次,归纳总结了当前作物RPE研究中的热点、难点,并分析其对土壤碳排放调控的意义,阐明了当前研究普遍存在案例特异性且缺乏普遍规律;最后,基于已有的研究提出农田生态系统中土壤碳调控和管理优化的潜在策略,为农业实践中有目的地调控作物RPE,在田间、种植模式及区域尺度上提出可能的方案指明了方向。本文可为生态农业实践中保障粮食安全的同时助力碳中和这一双赢方案提供理论参考。

Soil carbon is an important component of the terrestrial carbon pool,and carbon dynamic balance of input and output,mineralization and immobilization are critical factors in achieving carbon neutrality.Rhizosphere priming effect(RPE)refers to the fact that the presence of living plants significantly affects the carbon dynamics in the plant-soil system,with minor changes affecting soil-atmosphere carbon dynamics.Therefore,the RPE of crops is a vital factor in regulating carbon dynamics and carbon neutrality in farming land.Through a literature review,this paper first summarized the current research status of the effects of various biotic and abiotic factors on the RPE of crops during agricultural practices.Second,this paper summarized the hotspots and challenges in the current studies on the RPE of crops and analyzed their significance to the regulation of soil carbon emissions,elucidating that the existing studies were generally case-specific and lack of universal patterns.Finally,potential strategies for soil carbon regulation and management in agroecosystems were proposed based on the existing studies.This study pointed out the direction for the purposeful regulation of the RPE of crops in agricultural practices and the possible schemes in the field,planting mode and regional scale.This paper can provide theoretical references for eco-agricultural practices to help achieve carbon neutrality as a win-win solution while guaranteeing food security.