“全民生成”冲击下,“真相出场机制”如何重构——生成式人工智能时代把关理论的关系实践与结构性变革

Under the Impact of"Universal Generation":How the Mechanism of Truth Disclosure is Restructured

Sora“世界模拟器”的出现标志着信息环境又一次革命性重构。基于Transformer和Diffusion模型的Sora,在真正意义上建立起了人/社会与智能生成模型的广泛交互。全民生成的“文生视频”在生成量级、检测难度等方面都远超深度伪造,并显现出了其作为深度伪造的“迭代泛用版本”对媒介真实的潜在破坏性。以“亿参数”为数据学习单位的Sora带来了把关关系的异化。媒体、平台与公众按照既有把关关系展开的把关活动,非但无法帮助公众降低外部不确定性和保障信息秩序化,反而会加剧信息系统的失序状况。技术环境的变化召唤着把关理论的适时调试与推进。在此背景下,把关应首先被理解为以新闻真实帮助公众与现实社会建立起有意义联系的过程。把关理论能否脱离作为“行动”的隐喻,而向社会机能的本体意义回归,直接关系到其在生成式人工智能时代的理论与现实意义。

The emergence of Sora,hailed as the"simulator of the physical world,"marks yet another groundbreaking shift in the information landscape.Leveraging Transformer and Diffusion models,Sora fosters extensive interaction between humans/society and intelligent generative models.The"Generative videos"produced by the general public through Sora surpass deepfakes in both scale and detection difficulty,underscoring its potentially disruptive role as an"iterative universal version"of deepfakes concerning media authenticity.Equipped with"billion-parameter"learning units,Sora redefines gatekeeping dynamics.Traditional gatekeepers,including news media,platforms,and the public,operating within existing governance structures,not only struggle to maintain"living functional orderliness"by mitigating external uncertainty and ensuring information coherence but also inadvertently contribute to the disorderliness of the information ecosystem.In this evolving technological milieu,there arises a pressing need for timely adjustments and advancements in gatekeeping theory.Against this backdrop,gatekeeping must be reconceptualized as the process of forging meaningful connections between news reality and the public,as well as the broader societal context.The extent to which gatekeeping theory can transcend the mere metaphor of"action"and return to its ontological significance in serving social functions directly correlates with its theoretical and practical relevance in the era of generative artificial intelligence.