国旗争议与魏玛共和国的覆灭

The Controversies of National Flag and the Fall of the Weimar Republic

魏玛共和国的失败是德国建立现代国家体制过程中的重大挫折。1918年11月,魏玛共和国在一战战败的阴影中成立。1919年魏玛国民议会上,由于历史传统和政治利益的矛盾,各政党在国旗等基本问题上冲突严重,后虽达成妥协以黑红金为国旗,但未能消除矛盾。魏玛共和国时期关于黑红金、黑白红与红旗的争议,是各政党各阶层政治理念冲突的体现,这种冲突的加剧,也加速了共和国的灭亡。魏玛共和国的悲剧证明了国旗作为国家标志在国家政治建设中的重要作用,国民对国旗的认同是国家稳定和发展的必要前提。

In November 1918,the Weimar Republic was established in the shadow of defeat in World War I.At the Weimar National Assembly in 1919,various political parties had serious controversies over basic issues such as the national flag due to the conflicts of historical traditions and political interests.Although a compromise was reached and Black-red-gold became the national flag,the contradictions were not eliminated.The controversies over Blackred-gold,Black-white-red and red flag during the Weimar Republic was a symbol of the conflicts of political ideas of various political parties and classes and deepened the conflicts hastened the downfall of the Republic.The tragedy of the Weimar Republic proved that the national flag as national symbol plays an important role in state political construction,and the national identity of the national flag is a necessary prerequisite for national stability and development.