隋代文武二舞述论

An Essay on the Wen&Wu Er Wu of the Sui Dynasty

文武二舞是在周代礼乐制度下形成的雅乐舞,自周代“六代乐舞”始分文武二舞至历代相沿,虽历经秦汉时期的嬗变又陷于魏晋南北朝时的更迭却一直成为宫廷雅乐舞的主体与典范。隋代作为结束南北战乱和分裂局面,进而使国家走向大一统的朝代,在恢复汉魏旧俗重塑礼乐制度的治国理念下开展了一场具有深远意义的乐议,这场被称为“开皇乐议”的音乐讨论直接促成了隋代文武二舞的建制。隋代文武二舞的构建虽追溯周礼之源,但在规制上寻求了一种兼容南北文化传统又经世致用的路径,使得唐代乃至后世文武二舞的发展皆是在其舞制规范和理念上的延伸与创制。

Wen&Wu Er Wu[Culture&Force Dance]are kinds of Gagaku which was formed under institution of rites and music from Zhou dynasty.Since then,each part of Liu Dai Yue Wu[Music and Dance from Six Generations] had been catalogued into Wen Dance and Wu Dance,which last as a tradition for the following dynasties.Although experienced evolution in Qin&Han Dynasties and decline in Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties,Wen&Wu Er Wu had been the core and canon of the court Gagaku.As Sui dynasty unified the country completely upon ended of the north and south war and division situation,there was a great significant music symposium,i.e.the well-known Kaihuang[Suiwen Emperor Reign Period]Music Symposium,on the governmental norm idea which upon the remodeling the Gagaku institution by restoration of the past customs of the Han&Wei Dynasties,and the discussion in it promoted the Wen&Wu Er Wu Constitution spontane-ously.Although the construction of the Wen&Wu Er Wu of the Sui dynasty traces its origin to the Zhou rituals,it seeks a path not only blending the northern and southern cultural traditions but also benefiting to the nation,so that the development of the Wen&Wu Er Wu of the Tang dynasty and even the later generations is an extension and creation of the norms and concepts of the dance system.