郑州市某医院体检的中青年职工肥胖分型及肌肉均衡性情况分析

Obesity Classification and Muscle Proportionality of Young and Middle-aged Light Laborer in Zhengzhou

目的:了解郑州市某医院体检人群肥胖分型和各节段肌肉分布及变化情况。方法:选取2018年5—7月在河南省某三甲医院进行体检的2289名轻体力劳动职工为研究对象,采用生物电阻抗法测定体脂百分比、各节段肌肉量、体质指数(BMI)等人体成分指标,分析不同性别和年龄组的分布特征。结果:体脂百分比超标1850人(80.8%),BMI超标1436人(62.7%);隐性肥胖检出率19.9%,女性(26.4%)高于男性(16.8%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。50岁之前,肥胖检出率随着年龄增长逐渐增加;50岁之后,超重肥胖率下降,隐性肥胖检出率增加。男性40岁及以后,身体各节段肌肉量均逐渐减少;女性40~49岁双上肢及躯干肌肉量最高,之后逐渐下降;双下肢肌肉量50岁以后明显下降。无论男、女,双下肢肌肉低标准率均明显高于双上肢,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在年龄组分布上,40~49岁组双上肢和躯干肌肉比率达标者最高,20~29岁组双下肢达标者最高,50~59岁组最低。结论:中青年轻体力劳动人群体脂超标率较高,肌肉量自40岁后逐渐下降,可根据其肥胖分型和各节段肌肉量随年龄的变化规律进行有针对性的干预。

OBJECTIVE To understand the classification of obesity and the distribution and change of muscle in each segment in a hospital of Zhengzhou.METHODS The subjects were selected from the physical examination population of a grade-A tertiary hospital in Henan province during May to July 2018 in Henan Provincial.The body composition indexes,such as body fat percentage,muscle mass and BMI were measured by bioelectrical impedance radiometry.Theirs distribution characteristics in different sex and age groups were analyzed.RESULTS A total of 2289 cases were included in this study.The over standard rate of body fat percentage and BMI in the staff were 80.8%and 62.7%respectively.The detection rate of recessive obesity was 19.9%,with female's(26.4%)significantly higher than male(16.8%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before the age of50,the detection rate of obesity gradually increased with age.After the age of 50,the detection rate of true overweight decreased,while the recessive obesity rate increased.After 40 years old,the muscle mass of each segment decreased gradually in males.In female,the muscle mass of upper limbs and trunk reached highest in the age group of 40,then decreased gradually,and the lower limbs muscle mass decreased obviously after 50 years old.The substandard rate of lower limb muscle was significantly higher than that of the upper limb in both male and female.There was significant difference in the distribution of muscle ratio in different age groups(P<0.05).The standard rates of both upper limbs and trunk muscle reached highest in 40 years old group,while standard rates of lower limbs were highest in 20 year old group and lowest in 50 year old group.CONCLUSION The rate of over-standard body fat of young and middle-aged light laborer is high,and the muscle mass declines gradually after the age of 40.The type of obesity and the muscle mass of each segment have different variation characteristics in male and female with the growth of age,which can be targeted to intervene.