基于语料库的框式介词“在X上”隐喻义习得考察

A corpus based study on the acquisition of metaphorical meaning of Circumposition“在X上”

框式介词“在X上”隐喻义丰富而复杂,对书面语表达质量有一定影响。本文通过语料库调查和语言测试发现,汉语二语学习者基本能够习得“在X上”的各种隐喻义,但在认知上还处于非自觉状态,尚未形成类推能力。通过针对教师的调查发现,教师在“在X上”隐喻用法教学中存在对习得难度估计不足、显性教学缺失的问题。基于此,本文认为,教师应对“在X上”隐喻用法开展显性教学,讲清“上”的隐喻路径,促进二语者类推能力的形成。同时,分阶段构建二语者的语义网络,提升产出能力。

The Circumposition“在X上”has a rich and complex metaphorical meaning,which has an impact on the quality of written expressions.A corpus survey and language tests show that Chinese second language learners are able to acquire the metaphorical meanings of“在X上”,but they are not yet cognitively aware of them and have not yet developed the ability to draw analogies.A survey of teachers found that they had underestimated the difficulty of acquisition and lacked explicit instruction in teaching the metaphorical use of“在X上”.Based on this,this paper suggests that teachers should provide explicit teaching on the metaphorical use of“在X上”,clarify the metaphorical path of“上”,and promote the development of analogical skills of in second language learners.At the same time,teachers should build up the semantic network of second language learners in stages to enhance their output ability.