杆条升运链式花生条铺机关键部件设计与试验

Design and Test of Key Components of Rod Lifting Chain Peanut Excavator

我国南方丘陵山区土壤湿润黏重,机具作业阻力大、花生秧果清土困难,制约了花生收获机械在南方地区的推广应用。为了加快南方丘陵山区花生收获的机械化进程,本文设计了一款杆条升运链式花生条铺机,对整机中的挖掘铲、杆条升运链等关键部件进行了设计计算,并依托试验样机在粤北山区的连平县花生种植基地开展了花生收获试验,测得试验样机挖掘深度213.7 mm,收获花生的含土率19.3%,埋果率1.4%,总损失率1.9%,符合花生收获机作业质量要求。田间试验表明:杆条升运链式花生条铺机入土性能好,相对适应南方湿润黏重的土壤环境,收获效果良好。

In the hilly and mountainous areas of southern China,the soil is wet and sticky,the working resistance is large,and the peanut seedlings are difficult to clear the soil,which restricts the development of peanut harvesting machinery in China.In order to speed up the research process of peanut harvester in hilly and mountainous areas of southern China,this paper designs a rod lifting chain type peanut excavator,and designs and calculates the key components such as digging shovel and rod lifting chain in the whole machine.Based on the experimental prototype,the peanut harvest test was carried out in the peanut planting base of Lianping County,Guangdong Province,in the mountainous area of northern Guangdong Province.The digging depth of the experimental prototype was 213.7 mm,the soil content was 19.3%,the buried fruit rate was 1.4%,and the total loss rate was 1.9%,which met the operation quality requirements of the peanut harvester.The field experiment shows that the rod lifting chain peanut excavator has good soil penetration performance,which is relatively suitable for the humid and heavy soil environment in the south,and the harvest effect is good.