446例药品不良反应报告回顾性分析及用药监护建议

Retrospective analysis of 446 cases of adverse drug reaction reports and suggestions for medication monitoring

目的探讨某精神专科医院药品不良反应(ADR)发生的特点和规律,提出用药监护建议。方法回顾性收集2019年1月~2023年6月医院上报至国家不良反应监测系统的ADR报告446例,用Excel软件对ADR报告相关信息进行统计分析。结果ADR可发生在不同年龄段和不同的给药途径;女性ADR发生率多于男性;累及的器官系统主要为神经系统损害(25.73%)、其次为消化系统损害(21.99%);涉及新的、严重的ADR的药品类别最多的是神经系统药物(66.89%),排名前三药品分别是喹硫平、丙戊酸钠、氯氮平。结论建议关注女性、联合用药、长期服药患者的用药安全;重点关注临床症状隐匿、容易掩盖的严重ADR。

Objective To explore the characteristics and rules of adverse drug reactions(ADR)in a psychiatric hospital,and to put forward medication monitoring suggestions.Methods 446 cases of ADR reports reported by hospitals to the national adverse reaction monitoring system from January 2019 to June 2023 were retrospectively collected,and the relevant information of ADR reports was statistically analyzed by Excel software.Results ADR could occur in different age groups and different routes of administration.The incidence of ADR in female was higher than that in male.The main organ system involved was nervous system damage(25.73%),followed by digestive system damage(21.99%).Most drugs involved in new and serious ADR were nervous system drugs(66.89%),and the top three drugs were quetiapine,sodium valproate and clozapine.Conclusion It is recommended to pay attention to the medication safety of female patients,patients with combined medication and patients with long-term medication.Focus on the serious ADR with hidden clinical symptoms and easy to cover up.