新质生产力及其培育和发展

New Quality Productivity and Its Cultivation and Development

新质生产力反映生产力的新性质、新质态。发展新质生产力从一定意义上说是新旧动能的转换。新质生产力概括为新科技、新能源和新产业以及这三个方面融合发展的数字经济。发展新质生产力的现实途径是科技创新和产业创新在深度融合中发展新兴产业和未来产业,这是中国式现代化所要建设的现代化产业体系的核心内容。当前新科技和产业革命提供的产业基础是数字化和智能化。新质生产力催生的战略性新兴产业,是新兴科技和新兴产业的深度融合,超前部署和培育未来产业也就是培育和发展新质生产力。适应新质生产力的生产关系突出在建立人才高地,集聚高端创新人才,突出科技企业家的作用。相应地建立激励发展新质生产力的体制机制,建立科技和产业融合的创新高地。

In September 2023,during General Secretary Xi Jinping’s investigation in Heilongjiang,he proposed to strive for industrial full revitalization with technological innovation.He emphasized that sci-tech innovation resources should be integrated to spearhead strategic emerging industries and future industries,accelerating the formation of new quality productivity.Additionally,he urged the active development of strategic emerging industries such as new energy,new materials,advanced manufacturing,and electronic information,actively developing future industries to enhance new driving forces through the rapid formation of new quality productivity.The introduction of the concept of new quality productivity is not only a significant theoretical innovation but also holds important guiding significance for China’s modernization.In December 2023,the Central Economic Work Conference explicitly put forward the vigorous development of new quality productivity.Research on new quality productivity involves the following aspects:the connotation and current prominent performance of new quality productivity;how to develop new quality productivity according to its connotation;and how production relations adapt to the development of new quality productivity.As new quality productivity is a new concept,an in-depth study is required regarding its connotation and development path.New quality productivity reflects the new nature and quality of productivity.The development of new quality productivity is,in a certain sense,the traditional drivers being replaced by new ones.New quality productivity encompasses new technology,new energy,and new industries,as well as the digital economy that integrates these three aspects.New industries are the foothold of new quality productivity.Revolutionary breakthroughs in some significant scientific issues and key core technologies have led to the cross-fusion of critical technologies and mass leaps.New technology,as a key aspect of new quality productivity,lies in generating new technologies and industries.The practical approach to develop new quality productivity is the deep integration of technological and industrial innovation to develop emerging and future industries,nurturing new driving forces and new quality productivity.The current industrial foundation provided by new technology and industrial revolution is digitalization and intelligence.Strategic emerging industries generated by new quality productivity represent the profound integration of emerging technologies and industries,and deploying ahead and developing future industries mean the cultivation and development of new quality productivity.According to the Marxist principle that production relations must adapt to the nature of productivity,the production relations adapted to new quality productivity highlight the establishment of high-level talents,the aggregation of high-end innovative talents,and the corresponding establishment of incentive mechanisms for developing new quality productivity.From the perspective of new quality productivity,the comparative advantage in international competition is no longer labor factors but innovative talent factors.Therefore,the key to cultivating and developing new quality productivity lies in aggregating innovative talents and constructing talent highlands.This aligns with the proposal from the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China to accelerate the construction of globally significant talent centers and innovation highlands,focusing on forming a comparative advantage in international talent competition.