锚定金融强国目标,推动金融高质量发展——理论框架与实践路径

Striving for the Goal of Constructing a Financial Power and Promoting the High-Quality Development of Finance:Theoretical Framework and Practical Paths

中央金融工作会议首次提出金融强国目标,将金融工作上升到党和国家事业发展全局的战略高度,体现了全面建设社会主义现代化强国的必然要求。本文尝试从以下三个维度提出金融强国的理论框架:一是基于金融关乎大国兴衰角度的历史考察;二是基于国际金融权力、金融武器与金融国策以及金融扩张从属于资本积累规律角度的理论溯源;三是基于金融强国逻辑内嵌于中国式现代化大逻辑角度的战略思维。进一步,文章在整合金融强国六大关键核心金融要素以及中国特色现代金融体系六大方面基础上提出锚定金融强国目标和推动金融高质量发展的实践路径。

The central financial work conference puts forward the goal of constructing a financial power for the first time,which raises finance to the strategic height concerning the overall development of the Party and the state,for it is the inevitable requirement of building a great modern socialist country in an all‐round way.The proposal of financial power is based on a comprehensive and accurate grasp of the synchronous development of economy and finance,which highlights the initiative and leading role of finance in promoting the construction of a powerful country and the great cause of national rejuvenation,and writes a new chapter in the context of the Chinese modernization.This paper puts forward the theoretical analysis framework of constructing a financial power.First,it is based on the historical investigation of the relationship between finance and the rise and fall of powers.Only the Netherlands,Britain and the United States can be called truly financial powers.On one hand,these three countries have successively become world powers;on the other hand,the support from the powerful finance is indispensable in the rise of these powers.The financial evolution and power shift of these three countries well confirm the conclusion that financial development affects the rise and fall of powers.Second,it is based on the theoretical perspective that international financial power,financial weapons and financial statecrafts,and financial expansions following the capital accumulation law.Susan Strange’s theory of structural power in finance provides a new explanation for why the decline of American hegemony is delayed;The theory of financial statecraft,from another perspective,shows that without powerful finance,a country will probably become the victim of financial weapons of powers;Giovanni Arrighi’systemic cycles of accumulation not only points out that the logic of capitalist financial development is subordinate to the logic of capital accumulation,but also shows that the financial expansion in the Genova cycle,the Netherlands cycle,the British cycle and the American cycle,on one hand,can produce global financial power;on the other hand,it also indicates the decline of the old accumulation system,and the rise of a new one as well as the rise of new powers.Third,it is based on the strategic thinking that the logic of constructing a financial power is embedded in the logic of the Chinese modernization.As Chinese modernization is the highest goal,and high‐quality development is the requirement in the new era,promoting high‐quality financial development to contribute to the Chinese modernization is one of the inherent requirements of constructing a financial power.The construction of a financial power is inseparable from the construction of a great modern socialist country,and serves the goal of the Chinese modernization.This paper finds that there are six key financial elements of a financial power,namely,a powerful currency,a strong central bank,strong financial institutions,strong international financial centers,strengthened financial supervision,and abundant financial talents.In addition,it summarizes six aspects of modern financial system with Chinese characteristics,namely,a scientific and steady financial regulation system,a well‐structured financial market system,a collaborative financial institution system,a complete and effective financial supervision system,a diversified and professional financial products and services system,and an independent,controllable,safe and efficient financial infrastructure system.On the basis of the above analyses,this paper puts forward practical paths to construct a financial power and promote high‐quality financial development.First,to realize a powerful currency and central bank,it is necessary to accelerate the construction of a modern central banking system,and steadily advance the internationalization of the RMB.Second,to construct powerful financial institutions and financial centers,it is necessary to accelerate the construction of modern financial institutions and market systems.Third,to gain strong foundation support,it is necessary to focus on financial infrastructure and financial rule of law.Fourth,to enjoy a strong institutional guarantee,it is necessary to strengthen the Party’s leadership and improve the financial supervision system.