从军经历对农户创业的影响——基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)的实证考察

The Impact of Military Experience on Farmers'Entrepreneurship:An Empirical Study Based on the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)

乡村振兴战略的实施需要大批农民创业者为其注入新发展动能。引导退伍军人向农村创业带头人转变,既是解决退伍军人安置问题的有效手段,也是推动乡村产业振兴的重要途径。本文基于烙印理论,利用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2012年、2014年、2016年、2018年和2020年的数据,实证检验了从军经历对农户创业的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,从军经历对农户创业行为具有显著的正向影响。并且,在一系列内生性和稳健性检验之后,上述结论依然成立。机制检验表明,从军经历可以通过“从军印记”对农户的创业行为产生影响。具体而言,从军经历可以通过转变个人价值观念、增强个人抗压能力和使农户获取更多的政府补助来促进农户的创业行为。动态效应检验表明,“从军印记”产生的影响是动态变化的,而且,这种影响会随参军时长的增加而增强,随退伍时长的增加而减弱。异质性分析发现,在数字普惠金融发展水平较低的地区,从军经历对农户创业行为的作用效果更强。

Implementing the strategy of Rural Revitalization requires a large number of farmer entrepreneurs to inject new development momentum.Guiding veterans to transform into rural entrepreneurship leaders is not only an effective means to solve the problem of veterans'resettlement,but also an important way to promote the revitalization of rural industry.Based on the imprinting theory,this paper empirically examines the relationship between military experience and farmers'entrepreneurship and its mechanism by using the data of Chinese Family Panel Studies(CFPS).The study finds that military experience has a significant positive impact on farmers'entrepreneurship,and the conclusion is still valid after a series of endogenous and robust checks.The mechanism analysis shows military experience has an impact on farmers'entrepreneurial behavior through military imprint.Specifically,military experience promotes farmers'entrepreneurship by improving personal values,enhancing personal ability to resist pressure,and enabling farmers to obtain more govermment subsidies.The test of imprinting dynamic effect shows that the effect produced by military imprinting is time-varying,which grows with an increase of the duration of military service and diminishes with an increase of the length of discharge.Heterogeneity analysis shows military experience has a stronger effect on farmers'entrepreneurship in areas with a low development level of digital inclusive finance.