明隆庆、万历年间海疆治理——以福建水师出海捕盗为例

The Maritime Frontier Management of the Ming Dynasty in the Longqing and W anli Periods-A Case Study of Fujian Navy Pursuing Pirates at Sea

明隆庆、万历年间中国籍海盗林凤横行南海地区,水师在其败逃海外后,一路追踪至吕宋,诏谕当地番人清剿海盗势力。明代水师为维护海疆安全,除出哨洋面及海中各岛剿匪捕盗外,同出海作业的渔民、商民建立起报案—调查—出洋捕盗的海疆治理体系。明代百姓在海上活动时如遇到海贼骚扰抢劫,回到陆地后即向官府报案,官府根据案情及其所提供的情报出海巡捕,在海外则运用“谕夷剿贼”的手段打击海盗。

In the Periods of Longqing and Wanli of the Ming Dynasty, the Chinese pirate Limahongconstantly raided South China Sea areas. The Ming navy not only cracked down on pirates in thecoastal areas, but also sent warships to Luzon and notified the local people to eliminate the pirates.Cruising scouts played a major role in the pursue and suppression of Limahong and his followers;thesystem established by local authorities, fishermen and merchants to report, investigate and capturepirates also provided important information for the Ming navy to comprehensively control thesituations at sea. During the Ming dynasty, people who worked at sea reported to the government assoon as they returned to land if they were harassed or robbed by pirates. Fujian officials adopted themeans of Notifying the Local People to Suppress Pirates when chasing after those pirates who fledabroad.