开放量子系统的哲学分析

Philosophical Analysis of Open Quantum Systems

物理学中,封闭量子系统是对量子系统的近似,开放量子系统才是对量子系统更精确、普遍的描述。传统上对量子世界的哲学研究受限于近似的、封闭系统的视角,基于精确的、开放系统视角的哲学研究目前仍鲜有涉及。量子力学的公理体系基于封闭系统框架,但对该框架的分析可以揭示一个粒子内部开放且外部普遍联系的世界。在本体论上,它使物质符合本体结构实在论。在认识论上,它使关系具有超越实体的先在性。这些从哲学上支持了开放量子系统是物质的普遍存在方式。

In physics,closed systems serve as an approximate description of quantum systems,while open systems provide a more accurate and comprehensive description of the material systems.Traditional quantum mechanics and its axioms are based on the closed system view.These lead to the present status that most philosophical studies on quantum mechanics are also based on the closed system view.We argue that quantum theory in fact conceals a world in which all the fundamental particles are internally open and externally connected.Ontologically,quantum matter adheres to ontic structural realism,while epistemologically,relations possess a primacy over entities.These arguments provide a philosophical support for the open quantum systems as the universal mode of material existence.