“信息隐私鸿沟”的伦理风险及应对

Ethical Risks and Countermeasures of Informational Privacy Gap

认识论范式下,“信息隐私鸿沟”指他者对个体的隐私认知增强引发的个体在信息隐私享有上“应然”与“实然”之间的差距。新兴科技“入侵式”的发展导致“信息隐私鸿沟”现象愈发明显,其可能引发的伦理风险有鸿沟异化破坏个体完整性、鸿沟极化加速社会分层、鸿沟“钙化”生成新式霸权、鸿沟积化引发生存危机。鉴于“信息隐私鸿沟”本质上是一种信任鸿沟,可以从伦理、技术、法律等方面着力,构建多重默认信任区域予以应对。

Informational Privacy Gap(IPG)refers to the gap between"what it should be"and"what it really is"as for individuals having informational privacy,caused by the cognitive enhancement of knowing about one's privacy from the perspective of the epistemological paradigm.As new technologies evolve in an"invasive"way,IPG draws more attention,which may lead to ethical risks,such as gap alienation destroying individual integrity,gap polarization accelerating social stratification,gap"calcification"generating new hegemony,gap accumulation causing existential crisis.We suggest that we construct multiple default trust zones from the aspects of ethical,technological and lawful paths to tackle these problems since IPG can be regarded as a trust gap.