小酸模入侵对人工草地植被、放牧黑山羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数以及血清指标的影响

Effects of Rumex acetosella invasion on artificial grassland vegetation,growth performance,rumen fermentation parameters,and serum indexes of grazing black goats

试验旨在探究小酸模入侵对人工草地主要植被、放牧黑山羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵参数以及血清指标的影响。在贵州省威宁县选择4块小酸模入侵程度不同的人工草地,分析不同草地主要植被密度和高度;挑选体重(22.69±1.43)kg的黑山羊公羔羊120只,按完全随机区组设计将其分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只羊。各组黑山羊自然放牧3个月后,分析其瘤胃发酵参数和血清指标。结果显示:随着人工草地小酸模密度的增加,鸭茅和白三叶的密度和高度逐渐降低。试验Ⅱ组自然放牧黑山羊的平均日增重显著高于Ⅳ组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅳ组黑山羊瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸的含量显著低于试验Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组黑山羊瘤胃的丁酸含量最高,乙酸、丙酸含量低于其他3组。试验Ⅳ组黑山羊血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)含量最高,生长激素(GH)含量最低。试验Ⅳ组黑山羊血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量显著低于其他试验组(P<0.05),肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-2(IL-2)含量高于其他3组。试验Ⅰ组黑山羊血清的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著低于其他3组(P<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)含量显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。研究表明,当小酸模密度达到560株/m^(2)时,降低了放牧黑山羊瘤胃发酵功能、免疫力及生长性能。

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of Rumex acetosella invasion on the growth performance,rumen fermentation parameters and serum indexes of the main vegetation and grazing black goats in the artificial grassland.In Weining County,Guizhou Province,four artificial grasslands with different invasion degrees of Rumex acetosella were selected,and the main vegetation density and height of different grasslands were analyzed.A total of 120 male lambs were selected with an average weight of(22.69±1.43)kg.According to the complete randomization block design,the goats were randomly divided into four groups with three replicates per group and 10 goats per replicate.The black goats in each group were naturally grazed in four artificial grasslands for three months,and the rumen fermentation parameters and serum indexes were analyzed.The results showed that with the increase of the density of Rumex acetosella in the artificial grassland,the density and height of duck grass and white clover gradually decreased.The average daily gain of naturally grazing black goats in groupⅡwas significantly higher than that in groupⅣ(P<0.05).The content of total volatile fatty acids in the rumen of black goats in groupⅣwas significantly lower than that in groupⅡand groupⅢ(P<0.05).The rumen butyric acid content of black goats in groupⅠwas the highest,but the contentrations of acetic acid and propionic acid were lower than those in the other three groups.In the groupⅣ,the serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)contentrations were the highest,and the growth hormone(GH)content was the lowest.The serum immunoglobulin G(IgG)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)levels in groupⅣwere significantly lower than those in other groups(P<0.05),and the contentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-2(IL-2)were higher than those in the other three groups.The serum glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity of black goat in groupⅠwas significantly lower than that in other three groups(P<0.05),and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05).The result shows that the rumen fermentation function,immunity and growth performance of grazing black goats are decreased when the density of Rumex acetosella reaches 560 plants/m^(2).