3种中草药水提物及其复配剂的体外抑菌效果研究

Study on antibacterial effect of water extracts of three Chinese herbal medicines and their compounds in vitro

为了研究黄芪、甘草和苦豆子3种草药提取物及其复配剂的抑菌效果,试验采用水提法分别制备单剂中草药的提取液,按照L9(3^(4))正交试验设计得到9种不同复配剂,以大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌作为供试菌进行体外抑菌试验。结果显示,黄芪、甘草和苦豆子单剂对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌均具有一定的抑菌效果,3种不同单剂提取物中,黄芪提取物对3种菌的抑菌效果最优,甘草、苦豆子次之。与单剂相比,3种中草药复配剂整体的抑菌效果均有提升,对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌抑菌效果的最佳配比分别为1∶1∶2、2∶2∶1和4∶1∶2。经验证,3种中草药复配剂配比为1∶1∶2时,综合抑菌效果最佳,该复配剂作用大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌的抑菌圈直径分别为15.20、14.10、12.92mm。研究表明,在畜牧生产中,建议黄芪、甘草和苦豆子水提液的复配添加比为1∶1∶2,浓度为0.6、0.6、1.2 g/mL,从而最大限度地发挥中草药的抑菌作用。

In order to study the antibacterial effect of extracts of Astragalus membranaceus,Licorice,and Sophora alopecuroides and their compounds,water extraction was used to prepare single-dose extracts of Chinese herbal medicines,and nine different compounds were obtained according to L9(3^(4))orthogonal design.Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Salmonella were used as test bacteria for antibacterial test in vitro.The results showed that Astragalus membranaceus,Licorice,and Sophora alopecuroides had a certain antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Salmonella.Among the three different single extracts,Astragalus membranaceus had the best antibacterial effect on the three bacteria,followed by Licorice and Sophora alopecuroides.Compared with the single dose,the antibacterial effects of the three kinds of Chinese herbal medicines were improved as a whole,and the best ratios of antibacterial effects on Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Salmonella were 1∶1∶2,2∶2∶1 and 4∶1∶2,respectively.It was proved that when the ratio of the three Chinese herbal medicines was 1∶1∶2,the antibacterial effect was the best,and the diameter of the antibacterial zone of the compound against Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Salmonella was 15.20,14.10,and 12.92 mm,respectively.The results showed that in livestock production,it is suggested that the compound addition ratio of Astragalus membranaceus,Licorice,and Sophora alopecuroides water extracts should be 1∶1∶2,and the concentrations should be 0.6,0.6,and 1.2 g/mL at this time,so as to maximize the antibacterial effect of Chinese herbal medicines.