国民政府与布雷顿森林会议

The Nationalist Government and the Bretton Woods Conference

1943年,在获悉美英所拟战后货币金融方案后,国民政府旋即对两国方案组织研究与讨论,并着手制定中国方案,以期在战后国际货币金融秩序中占据有利地位。由于从美方口头获得大国地位的保证及相应的有利条件,国民政府便果断设定较为务实的预期目标,采取“明让暗争,趋实为是”策略,迅速由英案转向美案,并决定在即将召开的布雷顿森林会议上“予美以有力协助”,以期实现所设目标。在布雷顿森林会议期间,中国代表团在极力维护预期目标的前提下,积极参与会议事项,予美以协助,终致会议圆满成功。但在预设目标的框架中,中国代表团在基金摊额问题上对美由强至弱的态度转变以及会议上以美为主的行为表现,不能认为国民政府在布雷顿森林会议上是完全成功的。

Upon learning of the post-war monetary and financial proposals by the United States and Great Britain,the Nationalist Government promptly organized internal groups to study these proposals and formulate corresponding policies for China,aiming to secure a favorable position within the proposed international monetary and financial order after the war.Encouraged by the“making China a great power”policy of the U.S.government and certain favorable conditions resulting from this policy,the Nationalist Government adopted a pragmatic approach,seeking tangible benefits while maintaining a low-key stance.As a result,they swiftly favored American proposals over British ones and committed to supporting the U.S.at the upcoming Bretton Woods Conference.Throughout the conference,the Chinese delegation actively engaged in discussions on relevant issues,aligned with the American position,and contributed to the conference's ultimate success.However,the Chinese delegation had to adjust its strong stance on fund quotas under U.S.pressure,and their overall approach during the conference was largely U.S.-oriented.Therefore,the assertion that the Nationalist Government achieved complete success at the Bretton Woods Conference was obviously an exaggeration.