中国式现代化进程中的科技进步与粮食安全

Technological Progress and Food Security in the Context of Chinese Modernization

粮食在经济社会发展中具有战略性、基础性作用。我国粮食生产取得历史性成就,用全球百分之九的耕地,解决世界近五分之一人口吃饭问题,十四亿多人口的粮食安全得到有效保障,但粮食总供求处于紧平衡状态,结构性矛盾突出。决定粮食安全的因素有多个,其中科技进步具有关键性的作用。在中国式现代化进程中,大力推进科技进步以保障粮食安全是重大战略任务。要加快技术进步的步伐,抓实科技成果在保障粮食安全中的转化和应用,在粮食产业链各环节中提升产能,增加粮食产量,在粮食消费环节减少损失,统筹我国发展和粮食安全,为大力推进中国式现代化提供粮食安全保证。

Based on China's national conditions and food availability,food security is not only an economic issue,but also a political one,and it is not only a security issue,but also a development one.The fundamental purpose of socialist production is to meet the needs of the people,and therefore Marxist political party takes serving the people wholeheartedly as the fundamental principle.Since food is a necessity to meet people's production and living needs,the Communist Party of China(CPC) has always taken food security as an important basis in state governance.Under the leadership of the CPC,China has made historic achievements in food production,using 9% of the world's farmland to feed nearly one-fifth of the world's population,which has ensured food security for its more than 1.4 billion people.While socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era since the 20th CPC National Congress in 2012,China's economy shifts from rapid growth to high-quality development,which refers to meeting the people's ever-growing desire for a better life.Despite achieving a series of achievements,China still faces structural contradictions in ensuring food security,mainly because the supply side has not been able to timely adjust to changes on the demand side.Specifically,the people's ever-growing needs for a better life has put forward a high-quality requirement for adjusting the structure of food supply and demand from the demand side,while the implementation of the concept of innovative,coordinated,green,open and shared development(also known as the new development philosophy) requires a transformation of agricultural production mode from the supply side.In the report to the 20th CPC National Congress in 2022,Chinese President Xi Jinping declared that “From this day forward,the central task of the CPC will be to lead the Chinese people of all ethnic groups in a concerted effort to realize the Second Centenary Goal of building China into a great modern socialist country in all respects and to advance the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts through a Chinese path to modernization.” Accelerating building up China's strength in agriculture is the basis and prerequisite for realizing this goal,in which ensuring a stable and secure supply of food and other important agricultural products has always been a top priority.The CPC Central Committee,with Xi Jinping as its core,has evaluated the situation,raised upon a new food security concept highlighting basic self-sufficiency in grain and absolute grain security,and has established a national strategy on food security featuring self-sufficiency based on China's grain production,guaranteed food production capacity,moderate imports,and technological support.Besides,the institutional advantage of CPC makes it viable in China to pool all our resources to complete major missions,which ensures both Party committees and governments all levels,from the central to the local,jointly assume responsibility for ensuring national food security.It is worth emphasizing that the implementation of this effective and unique institutional framework is not only the basis to guarantee China's food security,but also valuable experience in maintaining sustained and stable development of economy and society.From the perspective of Marxist political economics,this paper discusses the food security in the context of Chinese modernization.The structure is as below.The first part discusses how to understand that food security is the top priorities of a country.The second part introduces the objective circumstances of China's food security,including the variances of quantities and varieties and its causes.The third part discusses the influencing factors of food security,focusing on the key decisive role of technological progress and its mechanism.Finally,this paper introduces the ideas and measures for ensuring food security through technological progress.This paper suggests that in the process of Chinese modernization,it is required to implement national food security strategy,reinforce the foundation for food security on all fronts,accelerate the pace of technological progress,and vigorously implement the transformation and application of technological achievements to ensure food security in a solid manner.In addition,we need to enhance food production capacity and reduce food loss and waste in all links of the food industrial chain to increase effective supply,coordinate China's development with food security,and provide a food security guarantee for vigorously promoting Chinese modernization.